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2021年高考英语全国卷2 - 阅读理解B
When almost everyone has a mobile phone, why are more than half of Australian homes still paying for a landline?
几乎每个人都有手机,那为什么超过一半的澳大利亚家庭仍在为座机付费?
These days you'd be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesn’t own a mobile phone. In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime.
如今,在澳大利亚很难15岁以上的人几乎个个有手机。实际上,很多小孩子口袋里都有。几乎每个人都可以随时随地拨打和接听电话。
Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter (29%) rely only on their smartphones, according to a survey. Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third concede that it's not really necessary and they're keeping it as a security blanket - 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies. I think my home falls into that category.
然而,根据一项调查,55%的澳大利亚人家里有座机,只有略高于四分之一(29%)的人只依赖智能手机。在那些仍有座机的澳大利亚人中,三分之一的人认为不是真的需要座机,只是把它当作一条安全毯——19%的人说他们从来不用,另有13%的人保留它是为了应付紧急情况。我认为我的家庭属于这一类。
More than half of Australian homes are still choosing to stick with their home phone. Age is naturally a factor - only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then, compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers who've perhaps had the same home number for 50 years. Age isn't the only factor; I'd say it's also to do with the makeup of your household.
超过一半的澳大利亚家庭仍然选择使用座机。年龄自然是一个因素——Y一代中只有58%仍然偶尔使用座机,而婴儿潮一代中有84%的人可能50年来一直拥有相同的家庭号码。年龄不是唯一的因素;我想这也和你的家庭构成有关。
Generation Xers with young families, like my wife and I, can still find it convenient to have a home phone rather than providing a mobile phone for every family member. That said, to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents, to the point where we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone (using Caller ID would take the fun out of it).
这样拥有年轻家庭的X一代,比如我和我的妻子还是认为拥有一部座机比为每个家庭成员提供一部手机更方便。说实话,只有婴儿潮一代的父母会打我们的座机,在我们拿起电话之前,我们会玩一个游戏,猜猜谁在打电话(来电显示会让我们失去乐趣)。
How attached are you to your landline? How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries?
你有多喜欢你的座机?它们还要多久才能走上煤气路灯和早上送牛奶的老路?
[img]2019年高考英语全国卷2 - 阅读理解B
“You can use me as a last resort, and if nobody else volunteers,then I will do it.” This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids lacrosse club.
“你可以将我作为最后选择,如果没有其他人做志愿者,我来做。”这是在我向我的孩子长曲棍球俱乐部提出志愿者请求后一位家长的真实回答。
I guess that there's probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on … At this point the unwilling parent speaks up, “Alright. Yes, I’ll do it.”
我想可能有一些苛刻的工作安排,或者帮助一项未知的运动产生社交焦虑。她可能只需要一些说服,所以我得再试一次,动之以情。我提到有一个有四个孩子的单亲家长在主持节目,有一位父亲在指导一个他的孩子甚至都不在其中的团队……此时,这位不情愿的家长大声说,“好吧,是的,我来做。”
I’m secretly relieved because I know there’s real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for end-of-season gifts. Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.
我暗自松了一口气,因为我知道在许多人之间分担志愿者的责任具有真正的力量。不情愿的家长会安排用餐计划,发送电子邮件,并为季末礼物筹款。在这个过程中,这些家长最终成为了团队中不可或缺的一员。教练可以把注意力集中在孩子身上,而其他家长则可以松一口气,不用再为下一个赛季操心。向充满斗志的孩子们分发一片片橙子就像看着自己的孩子进球一样令人兴奋。
Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.
然而,当季节结束时,我们大多数志愿者都松了一口气。这种宽慰与深刻理解就是为什么这些人持续做志愿者的原因:与社区建立联系,当你自由地投入时间、金钱、技能或服务时,你会感到真正的快乐。做志愿者感觉真好。
In that sense, I’m pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I’d freely like to admit. However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies?
从这个意义上说,我真的认为志愿服务更是一种我不愿意承认的自私行为。然而,如果其他人在这个过程中受益,而我也得到了一些回报,那么我的动机真的重要吗?
2020年高考英语全国卷2 - 阅读理解B
Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child, but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills.
一些家长只要认为对孩子有益,他们就会购买任何高科技玩具,但研究人员认为拼图有助于提高孩子们的数学相关技能。
Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young children the University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition after controlling for differences in parents’ income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said.
芝加哥大学儿童数学发展专家心理学家苏珊·莱文发现,在2岁到4岁之间玩拼图游戏的孩子们随后会发展出更好的空间技能。莱文说,在避免了父母收入、教育程度和父母交谈量的差异后,拼图游戏被认为是认知能力的一个重要预测因素。
The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.
研究人员分析了53对父母与子女在家庭日常活动中的视频记录,发现26至46个月之间玩拼图游戏的孩子在54个月大时空间技能更好。
“The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not, on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate and translate shapes,” Levine said in a statement.
“玩拼图游戏的孩子在评估他们旋转和变换形状能力要比没有玩拼图游戏的孩子好,”莱文在一份声明中说。
The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would, and about half of children in the study played with puzzles at one time. Higher-income parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently, and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills. However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than parents of girls.
研究人员要求父母像平时一样与孩子互动,研究中约有一半的孩子曾玩过拼图游戏。高收入的父母往往让孩子多玩些拼图,玩拼图的男孩和女孩都会有更好的空间技能。不过,男孩往往玩的拼图比女孩的更复杂,男孩的父母在玩拼图游戏时比女孩的父母提供了更多的空间语言,也更活跃。
The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science .
研究结果发表在《发展科学》杂志上。
2012年高考英语全国卷2 - 阅读理解B
You may think that sailing is a difficult sport, but it is really not hard to learn it. You do not need to be strong.But you need to be quick. And you need to understand a few basic rules about the wind.
你可能认为帆船是一项很难的运动,但学起来并不难。你不需要身体强壮,但要反应快速,同时你需要了解一些关于风的基本规则。
First, you must ask yourself, “Where is the wind coming from? Is it coming from ahead or behind or from the side?” You must think about this all the time on the boat.The wind direction tells you what to do with the sail.
首先,你得问自己,“风是从哪里来?前,后,还是侧面?” 在船上你必须时刻关注,风向指导你如何处理船帆。
Let's start with the wind blowing from the behind. This means the wind and the boat are going in the same direction. Then you must always keep the sail outside the boat. It should be at a 90° angle to the boat. Then it will catch the wind best.
我们从后面吹来的风开始,这意味着船是顺风前进。你必须始终让船帆位于船外,和船成90°,这样就能最好地借助风力。
If the wind is blowing from the side, it is blowing across the boat. In this case, you must keep the sail half way outside the boat. It should be at a 45° angle to the boat. It needs to be out far enough to catch the wind, but it shouldn't flap. It shouldn't look like on a flagpole. If it is flapping, it is probably out too far, and the boat will slow down.
如果风从侧面吹来,它会掠过船。这种情况下,你必须将船帆的一半位于船外,与船成45度角。它需要够远才能兜住风,但不能抖动,看起来不像是在旗杆上。如果抖动,可能会飞得太远,船会减速。
Sailing into the wind is not possible. If you try, the sail will flap and the boat will stop. You may want to go in that direction. It is possible, but you can't go in a straight line. You must go first in one direction and then in another. This is called tacking. When you are tacking, you must always keep the sail inside the boat.
在风中航行是不可能的。如果你这样做,船帆会抖动,船会停下来。你可能想朝某个方向航行,这是可行的,但你不能沿着直线航行。你必须先朝一个方向航行,然后再换另一个方向,这称作戗风行驶。戗风行驶时,你必须始终让船帆始终保持在船内。
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