今天给各位同学分享全国调研卷四答案的知识,其中也会对全国高考调研模拟试卷四进行解释,如果能碰巧解决你现在面临的问题,别忘了分享本站,现在开始吧!
本文目录一览:
- 1、全国100所名校单元测试示范卷英语卷四
- 2、初三英语教学质量调研试卷带答案
- 3、全国高考调研卷是属于那本套题的
- 4、初三数学上期末调研测试卷及答案
- 5、八年级上册语文第二次调研测试卷和答案
- 6、名校调研系列卷 九年级期末小综合 物理
全国100所名校单元测试示范卷英语卷四
O
ne fine evening a man walked into a fast - food chicken place and bought a nine - piece bucket of chicken. He carried his chicken to the park for a romantic picnic under the moonlight with his lady.
Upon reaching into the bucket, however, he received a surprise . Instead of chicken he discovered nine thousand dollars! The young man brought the bucket back to the store and asked for his chicken exchange for the money. The manager, moved by the young man’s honesty, asked for his name and told him he wanted to call the newspaper and the local news station to do a morality (道德说教) that would inspire others.
“My date’s waiting, I just want my chicken,” the hungry man refused.
The manager was deeply struck by the young man’s humility (谦虚). He begged to be allowed to tell the story on the news. At this the honest man became angry with the manager and demanded his chicken. “You are an honest man in a (an) dishonest world! This is a perfect opportunity to show the world that there are honest people still willing to take a stand for what is right. Please, give me your name and also the woman’s name. Is that your wife?”
“That’s the problem,”said the young man. “My wife is at home. The woman in the car is my girlfriend. Now let me have my chicken so I can get out of here.”
It’s easy to look good to people who don’t know you. Many of us do a good deed here and there, and everyone thinks we’re something that we are not. But God sees your heart. It really doesn’t matter how much you do or what other people think of you. What matters is what’s on the inside.
Tell Me About Yourself is the most popular way for hiring managers to start most one-on-one job interviews; get this part right and the rest of the interview will just naturally fall into place.
This is a job interview! They do NOT want to hear irrelevant thing.
What they DO want to hear is a brief introduction to show how your career brought you to THIS point of being here with them. This means you need to show where and how you got started, the decisions and changes you made along the way and that the role you are about to be interviewed for is the right progression for your career. And do all this in about 3 minutes!
You have three minutes to hold their attention and tell them how you took up your first job and gained specific skills as your career progressed.Spend most of your three minutes on your recent job and how the skills you have matches the needs of the new job.
P
icasso was just 23 in 1904, when he is thought to have painted "Woman Ironing." Money was tight for him. He would often start a painting, give it up and begin another using the same canvas. For years art historians have known that hidden beneath the surface of "Woman Ironing," is another painting - a three-quarter-length portrait of a man with a moustache that was first seen in images taken with an infrared camera in 1989.
Firstly some experts thought the image might be a picture of Benet Soler, a Barcelona tailor.
To get a clearer picture of the figure beneath the "Woman Ironing",John K. Delaney,a senior imaging scientist,was able to produce images far more detailed than any that had been seen before. For the first time the shape of the man's sharp eyes and the upturn of his mustache were seen.His sleeves are not rolled up, but buttoned,which made some people think the image could be the beginning of a self-portrait. But that theory was dopped because Picasso didn't have a mustache at the time.
So Carol Stringari,director of the Guggenheim Foundation,communicated with John Richardson, Picasso's biographer,who, relying on his knowledge rather than technology, studied drawings, paintings and photographs of all the likely subjects. He concluded that it wasn’t Mateu Fernandez de Soto, a sculptor,
one of friends of artist’s.
But Ms. Stringari disagree. "We think it looks more like Ricard Canals, another artist."
Mr Richardson argues that it is not Canals: the part in his hair, which is not on the same side as the part presented in drawings, photographs and paintings of Canals.
Ms. Stringari argued. “As much research as we do, we still come up with more questions, and those questions may never be answered."
毕加索是23日在1904年,当时他被认为是“女人熨烫作画。“钱紧了他。他经常画开始,放弃它,并开始另一个使用相同的画布。多年来艺术历史学家知道,隐藏在表面之下的“女人熨烫,“是另一个画——一个穿三分的画像胡子的男人,第一次出现在1989年一个红外摄像机拍摄的图像。
首先一些专家认为图像可能是一个驱魔师的太阳系,巴塞罗那一个裁缝。
得到一个清晰的图下面“女人烫”,约翰·k·德莱尼,一位高级成像科学家,能够产生比任何更详细的图片,已经见过的。第一次男人的目光敏锐的形状和他的胡子的好转。不卷起袖子,但扣住,使一些人认为图像可能自画像的开始。但这一理论是dopped因为毕加索没有胡子。
所以卡罗尔Stringari古根海姆基金会主任,沟通与约翰·理查森,毕加索的传记作家,依靠自己的知识而不是技术,研究了素描、绘画和摄影的所有可能的主题。他得出结论,这不是Mateu•费尔南德斯•索托,雕塑家,
艺术家的朋友之一。
但Stringari女士不同意。“我们认为它看起来更像里卡德运河,另一个艺术家。”
理查森先生认为这不是运河:他的头发,这不是在同一侧的一部分图纸,照片和绘画的运河。
Stringari女士说。“尽可能多的研究,我们还提出了更多的问题,而这些问题可能永远不会被回答。”
We are told breakfast is the most important meal of the day, and dinner the most enjoyable. It is an occasion to socialize and spend time with the family. But what about lunch?In today’s fast-paced society, few people take time to enjoy this midday meal. Most of us just rush right through it.We grab a quick salad, or buy a sandwich and eat at our computers. Sometimes, if there is a deadline around the corner, we just skip lunch.
The development of technology hasn’t done our eating habits much good either. We are constantly distracted by e-mail, social media, and 24-hour news.Even when we do sit down for lunch, we are more connected to our hand-held electronic devices than ourselves.
Long working hours can cause all kinds of health problems, and many developed countries have put in place labor laws specifically regarding the lunch break. These regulations give employees the right to take a break during a long work shift, but it’s up to them whether they do so or not.
Frank Partnoy, a former Wall Street trader, says that employers should encourage workers to take time off for lunch. This is because long lunch breaks can benefit both individuals and society.Writing in The Guardian, Partnoy says that one obvious reason to take a lunch break is to slow down and gain some perspective. A break from work allows us to think strategically and outside the box. It also puts our daily tasks into a broader context.What we eat at lunch is also important. In Partnoy’s opinion, a fast food lunch is more harmful than not having lunch at all. And it’s not just about calories and unhealthy food. Recent studies show that fast food also has negative effects on how we think.Researchers at the University of Toronto in Canada have shown that merely being exposed to a fast food logo speeds up our reactions.
However, if we sit down at a proper restaurant and chat leisurely with colleagues, we are more likely to slow down, something that hardly can be achieved in a noisy and over-packed fast food chain.
A long lunch also benefits single people, as it frees up time for them to go on a date.The two factors that matter most at the early stages of a relationship are chemistry and compatibility. Love at first sight rarely happens in real life, but an hour-long lunch is enough to get a sense of those factors. Furthermore, embarrassment and awkwardness can be avoided when both parties know the lunch will end in an hour.
Despite these benefits, some employees might still be reluctant to take time off for lunch. Partnoy’s suggestion? Make skipping lunch difficult: Employers could ask workers to fill out a form stating their reasons for skipping the meal.
我们被教导说早餐是一天中最重要的一餐,而晚餐则是最愉快的一餐,它是一次进行社交联谊或与家人欢聚的良机。但是午餐呢? 在当今快节奏的社会中,很少有人花时间去享受午餐。我们中的大多数人只是凑合一下而已。我们随便吃几口速食沙拉,或是买个三明治,然后在电脑前解决掉。有时,一旦工作大限将至,我们甚至都顾不上吃午饭。
科技的发展也没有对我们的饮食习惯起到什么好作用。我们不断被电子邮件、社交媒体和24小时新闻所烦扰。甚至当坐下来吃午饭时,我们也无暇顾及自身,而是将更多的精力花在手持电子设备上了。
超长的工作时间能够引发各种健康问题,许多发达国家已经实施具体保障员工午休时间的劳动法规。尽管这些法规赋予员工们在长时间工作间隙休息的权利,但是否选择享用这样的权利还要看员工个人。
曾在华尔街担任操盘手的弗兰克?帕特诺伊说,老板们应该鼓励员工抽出时间享用午餐。因为较长的午休时间对于员工个人和整个社会来说可谓益处多多。帕特诺伊在《卫报》上写道,午休的一个显而易见的好处是人们可以慢下来,获得一些新想法。工作之余的休息可以让我们打破常规、打开战略性思维;同时还可以将我们的日常工作纳入到更为开放的环境中。午餐吃什么也同样重要。帕特诺伊认为,午餐吃快餐比什么都不吃更有害。这不仅仅是卡路里和垃圾食品的事。最新研究表明,快餐对我们的思考方式也存在不良影响。加拿大多伦多大学研究人员已经证明,仅仅看到快餐店标志,就足以加快我们的的反应。
而如果我们坐在一间真正的餐厅里,与同事们悠闲地聊天,我们更容易放松下来。这在喧闹拥挤的快餐连锁店里是无法做到的。
一份悠长的午餐对于单身男女也是大有裨益,因为他们可以有更充足时间去约会。恋爱初期最至关重要的两个因素便是相互吸引以及情投意合。尽管一见钟情在现实中很少见,但一小时的午餐时光足以感受到上述因素的存在与否。另外,如果约会双方知道这顿午餐只有一小时,便能避免尴尬和难堪了。
尽管益处多多,一些员工也许仍舍不得抽时间享用午餐。对此帕特诺伊给出哪些建议呢?让不吃午餐变得更费事:用人单位可以要求员工填表,说明自己不吃午餐的理由。
初三英语教学质量调研试卷带答案
初三英语教学质量调研试卷
一、选择填空(共25小题;每小题1分,满分25分)
A)单项填空 从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1. You can try_______ second time if you fail_______ first time.
A the; the B. a; the C. the; a D. a; a
2. --- We‘ll visit the Summer Palace_______ there is a heavy rain tomorrow.
--- OK ! Boating on the lake must be interesting.
A unless B. since C. until D. if
3. -- I will buy you a new bike if you learn how to swim this summer.
-- Is that a _______? I‘m sure I‘ll get the bike.
A. chance B. trick C. promise D. treat
4. --- The dish looked bad, but it_______ OK.
--- So it‘s not right to judge a man by his appearance.
A tastes B. was tasting C. was tasted D. tasted
5. --- No one_______ be compared with Messi in playing football.
--- Oh, you are really his big fan.
A. might B. could C. must D. can
6. There are a small number of people involved, possibly_______ ten
A as few as B. as little as C. as many as D. as much as
7. Arthur‘s memory starts to go wrong because of his age. So does_______.
A. I B. mine C. me D. myself
8. --- What do you often do_______ classes to relax yourselves?
--- We often do eye exercises, listen to music or do some running around the school.
A. in B. among C. between D. during
9. --_______ will you stay here?
--- Until tomorrow afternoon.
A How long B. How soon C. When D. How often
10. --- Did you watch the snooker game yesterday?
-- Yes, I did. Xiao Guodong is really a dark horse. Nobody _______ him to go so far.
A supposed B. hoped C. expected D. wanted
11. _______ a book in the library, enter a key word into the computer.
A To finding B. Finding C. Find D. To find
12. --- I‘m tired. I‘m taking next week off.
---_______, honey. You do need a break.
A. Not so sure B. Forget it C. Great idea D. No way
13. With the development of science and technology, news can be_______ to every corner of the world in seconds.
A put out B. sent out C. run out D. taken out
14. --- She‘s never spoken to a foreigner, _______?
--- Yes. She is active and can speak English freely.
A is she B. has she C. isn‘t she D. hasn‘t she
15. --- How soon will you start your journey?
--- I‘m not sure. I haven‘t decided_______.
A. when shall I ask the boss for leave
B. where I will go to spend the holiday
C. if I would go by train or by plane
D. who should I travel with
B)完形填空 先通读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后在每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
While I was waiting to enter university, I saw an advertisement in a newspaper –a teaching job wanted at a school. The school was about ten miles from where I lived. I was in great 16 of money and wanted to do something useful, so I 17 .
Three days later, a letter arrived. It asked me to meet the principal of the school at Croydon. It proved to be a(n) 18 journey -a train to Croydon station, a ten-minute bus ride and then a walk of 19 a quarter of a mile.
A man who was short and round seemed to be the principal and he opened the door for me. 'The school,' he said, 'has a group of twenty-four boys between seven and thirteen years old.' According to the man, I should have to teach all the subjects 20 art, which the man himself taught. I should have to 21 the class into three groups and teach them at three different levels, and I was not glad at the 22 of teaching Maths -a subject which I wasn‘t good at. It was 23 that I had to teach them on Saturday afternoon because most of my friends would be 24 themselves at that time.
Before I had time to ask about my 25 ,the man got up to his feet. 'Now,' he said,“You‘d better meet my wife. She is the one who really runs this school.”
16.A. fear B. need C. danger D. control
17.A. applied B. arranged C announced D. accepted
18.A comfortable B. boring C short D. unpleasant
19.A at first B. at most C at least D. at last
20.A. besides B. except C including D. about
21.A. cut B. divide C turn D. gather
22.A. action B. way C movement D. thought
23.A. worse B. better C harder D. nicer
24.A helping B. believing C enjoying D. losing
25.A. fund B. value C. award D. pay
二、阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Once upon a time, an old woman had two large water pots. Each hung on the end of a pole(杆子)which she carried across her neck.
One of the pots had a crack in it while the other pot was perfect, From the river to the house, the cracked pot arrived only half full. And the other pot was always full. The perfect pot took pride in its talent. But the poor cracked pot felt sad for its own disadvantage.
One day by the river the cracked pot said to the woman, 'I feel bad about myself, because the crack in me causes water to come out all the way back to your house.”
The old woman smiled and said, 'Why are there flowers on your side of the road, but not on the other pot‘s side? That‘s because I have always known about your crack. So I planted flowers on your side of the road, and every day while we walk back, you water them. For two years I have been able to pick these beautiful flowers to decorate my house, There would not be this beauty without you. Each of us has our own cracks. But the cracks make our lives so interesting and beautiful.'
So, to all the cracked pot friends, have a great day and remember to smell the flowers on your side of the road!
26. If each of the two pots could be filled with 20 kilos of water, the woman would probably get _______ kilos of water from the river to the house.
A 10 B. 20 C. 30 D. 40
27. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A The woman preferred the perfect pot to the cracked pot.
B. The cracked pot felt more talented than the perfect pot.
C. There were beautiful flowers on both sides of the road.
D. The old woman decorated her house with some flowers.
28. What can we learn from the story?
A Everyone has a talent.
B. A true friend is hard to find.
C. Success never comes easily.
D. Mistakes improve our learning,
B
Have you ever had an embarrassing(尴尬的)experience? Last week we asked readers to tell us about embarrassing experiences. We received thousands of letters! Here is a selection.
Tony:
My most embarrassing experience happened when I had just left university. I had just started teaching in a Liverpool secondary school. One morning my alarm clock didn‘t ring. I woke up at half past eight and school began at nine. I quickly washed, dressed, jumped into my car and rushed to school. When I arrived, the students had already gone into class. I didn‘t go to the office, but went straight into class. After two or three minutes the students began laughing, and I couldn‘t understand why! Suddenly I looked down and understood. I had put on one black shoe and one brown shoe!
Henry:
The most embarrassing experience I‘ve ever had, happened two years ago. After seeing a film, my wife and I had lunch in our favourite restaurant in town. Then we decided to take a walk along the street. The street was very busy and we started holding hands. Suddenly my wife saw a dress that she liked in a shop window, and stopped. I started looking at some watches in the next window. After a minute or two I reached for my wife‘s hand. There was a loud scream, and a woman slapped my face. I hadn‘t taken my wife‘s hand. I‘d taken the hand of a complete stranger!
James:
My wife and I had decided to buy a new house, and I‘d made an appointment to see our bank manager. I‘d never met him before. I went into town in my car and I was lucky enough to find a parking space outside the bank. I‘d just started reversing(倒车) into the space when another car made its way into it. I was irritated! I opened my window and shouted at the man in the car. He ignored me and walked away. It took me twenty minutes to find another place. As soon as I had parked the car, I rushed back to the bank. I was ten minutes late for my appointment. I went to the manager‘s office, knocked and walked in. The manager was sitting behind his desk. He was the man who had taken my parking space!
29. The students began laughing when they saw Tony_______.
A. wearing a wrong shoe B. carrying an alarm clock
C. looking down suddenly D. rushing into the classroom
30. Henry was embarrassed because he_______.
A slapped the woman in the face
B. took the hand of a complete stranger
C. heard his wife screaming in the street
D. knocked over some watches in the shop
31. James went into town to_______.
A. put money in the bank B. look for a job
C. meet the bank manager D. buy a new car
32. The underlined word 'irritated' probably means '_______ '.
A. angry B. impolite C. worried D. embarrassed
C
Roosegaarde, an artist and designer from Dutch has thought of a device(装置). He hopes it will make Beijing‘s sky clear again and help the people with masks breathe fresh air again in Beijing.
An electromagnetic field(电磁场) will pull the dirty particles in the air to the ground, and then they can be easily cleaned.
Roosegaarde says, 'It‘s like when you have a balloon which has static electricity(静电) and your hair goes toward it. Smog happens the same way as the hair.'
His workplace has reached an agreement with the Beijing government to test the technology in one of the capital‘s parks. Beijing‘s skies are regularly covered by grey smog. Serious cases of air pollution are often reported in Beijing. Roosegaarde says an indoor test has already shown it works well and he is confident of the results. With the help of a team of scientists and engineers, he is sure that the device can be worked outside.
'Beijing is a very good place to test the device because the smog in Beijing is quite low and there‘s not so much wind.' says Roosegaarde. 'We‘ll be able to make the air pure but the most difficult thing is to remove the smog. As a result, you can see the sun again.'
Roosegaarde also reminds us that his aim is not only to give a plan to solve Beijing‘s dirty air pollution but also to make people pay attention to the environment problem. He adds, 'This is not the real answer for smog. The real answer to do with it is clean cars, different industry and different lifestyles. ' However, he hopes the project will make the citizens realize the differences between clean air and smog-filled air.
33. The device works by_______.
A helping keep the particles out with more masks
B. pulling particles to the ground with an electromagnetic field
C. absorbing hair with a balloon with static
D. creating clean air and letting it out into the sky
34. What does Roosegaarde use his device for?
A To make smog. B. To make the air clean
C. To make static electricity. D. To make Beijing‘s parks beautiful.
35. After reading the passage, we can know_______.
A the device doesn‘t work well indoors
B. the people with masks can breathe fresher air
C. Beijing government agreed to test the device
D. clean cars aren‘t helpful to the environment in Beijing
36. Roosegaarde hopes people in Beijing can_______.
A pay attention to air pollution and solve the problem finally
B. invent more devices to clean the smog in Beijing
C. drive modern cars and try different lifestyles
D. realize how serious the pollution they‘re facing is
D
According to scientists‘ research, the month in which babies are born could affect them in some ways.
Babies born in spring get sick easily. Children born under Aquarius may be less clever than those born in other seasons. They may also have shorter lives than those born in autumn Scientists believe many of the differences can be explained by the mother‘s exposure to sunlight in pregnancy(怀孕). Sunlight helps lead to the production of Vitamin D in the body. The lack of this in the first months of life may have a bad effect on mental and physical health.
Vitamin D, called the 'sunshine vitamin', is known to help regulate(调节) thousands of genes during development, according to a study of more than two million people. So Vitamin D has a good effect on health This study showed that people born from April to June had slightly shorter lives than those born in October, November or December. Similar studies in the USA showed that people born in autumn lived about 160 days longer than those born in spring.
Professor Russell Foster, an Oxford University neuroscientist on seasonal biology, said the conclusions were surprising and interesting. He added, 'These are small effects but they are very, very clear. I am not giving voice to star signs and they are just for fun. But it is true that we are affected by our season of birth.'
37.A baby‘s season of birth doesn‘t affect its_______.
A health B height C length of life D. mind
38. According to the passage,_______ can help people get Vitamin D.
A. enough sleep B. enough sunlight
C fresh air D. suitable seasons
39. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. People born in spring may not be in good health.
B. Children born under Aquarius are cleverer than those born under Libra.
C. Professor Russell Foster is interested in star signs and believes in them
D. People born in May will live longer than those born in October.
40. What does the passage mainly tell us?
A. People can know the length of life by star sign.
B. Women should choose to give birth to children in spring.
C A child‘s season of birth has some effect on him or her.
D. Vitamin D is very important to people‘s health.
第II卷(非选择题,共45分)
三、单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
根据下列句子所给汉语注释或对话情景,在答题卡标有题号的'横线上,写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。
41. It‘s doubtful ▲ (是否)there‘ll be any seats left or not.
42. The notice at the end of the road ▲ (警告)people not to go any further.
43. Hopefully, those climbers have covered ▲ (五分之四)of the distance.
44. The ▲ (热)in the room makes me uncomfortable,
45. Without enough sleep you can‘t work ▲ (正常地).
46. There seems to be a huge balloon ▲ (漂浮)across the sky.
47. As the curtain ▲ (上升)slowly, the audience fell silent.
48.---Judy, I guess you are only twenty-five years old, is that true?
---Oh, it‘s a ▲ .
49.-Could you please ▲ us with some new information about MH370?
-Of course. Anyway, it is a sad story.
50.---It will be my turn. I feel a little ▲ .
---Take it easy. You can make it.
四、句子翻译(共5小题;每小题3分,满分15分)
将下列句子译成英语,并将所译句子写在答题卡标有题号的横线上。
51.骑自行车环绕苏州是多么有乐趣啊!
52.他离开得如此匆忙,以至于忘了锁门。
53.别担心,你不久就会习惯他的幽默感。
54.你注意到我们教室的墙被涂成了白色吗?
55.用英语回答这个问题你有困难吗?
五、书面表达(共1题;满分20分)
一个民族有自己的“民族梦”,一个国家有自己的“国家梦”,同样,每个人也应有属于自己的“美丽梦想”。最近,你班就“我们的梦想职业”展开了一次调查。下表是你们小组的调查情况。请根据表格内容写一篇英语短文,向英语校刊投稿。
注意:1. 100词左右。短文的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数;
2.不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息;
3.可在必要处作适当发挥。
Our Dream Jobs
Recently we did a survey in our class in order to learn about students‘ ideal jobs. Here‘s a report about my group members‘ ideas.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
初三英语教学质量调研试卷参考答案
全国高考调研卷是属于那本套题的
2022年高考全国一共有8套高考试卷。上海市自主命题,等到7月7日高考。其他省份除了北京市、天津市、浙江省是单独出卷,其余的大陆省市共用四套高考试卷。这七套高考试卷分别是全国新高考1卷、全国甲卷、全国乙卷、全国新高考2卷、北京卷、天津卷、浙江卷。
全国新高考1卷使用省份
广东、福建、江苏、湖南、湖北、河北、山东,共7省市使用全国新高考1卷,这套试卷的高考作文是根据“本手、妙手、俗手”立意的自命题作文,作文字数不得少于800字。
全国甲卷的使用省份
使用全国甲卷的有:云南、广西、贵州、四川、西藏,共5省市。这套试卷的作为是根据材料结合自己的学习和生活经验写文章,作文材料是经典名著《红楼梦》大观园试才题对额众人给牌匾提名。
全国乙卷的使用省份
河南、山西、江西、安徽、甘肃、青海、内蒙古、黑龙江、吉林、宁夏、新疆、陕西,共12省市使用该套试卷。这套高考试卷语文科目的作文是根据双奥之城,以“跨越,再跨越”为主题写一篇文章。这套试卷的高考作文比较好写。
全国新高考2卷的使用省份
辽宁、重庆、海南,共3省市使用该套试卷。这套试卷的语文作文题也还比较好写,至少考生能看得懂命题人的意思。也是给一份材料,由考生自己选择角度,自拟题目。
北京卷、天津卷、浙江卷的使用省份大家都知道,浙江卷题目比较有深度,北京试卷一如既往地有地方特色,天津卷对天津考生也比较友好。
结语:我们可以看出来高考试卷的版本也算是高考的匹配赛,王者难度跟钻石难度不用一套试卷。全国新高考1卷的使用省份基本上都是卷王地区
[img]初三数学上期末调研测试卷及答案
对于初三数学期末考试的复习,制定计划做数学试题更有利于数学的学习和备考。
初三数学上期末调研测试卷
一、选择题(本题共有12小题,每小题3分,共36分,每小题有四个选项,其中只有一个是正确的)
1.sin60°的值是
A. B. C.1 D.
2.图1是一个球体的一部分,下列四个选项中是它的俯视图的是
3.用配方法解方程 ,下列配方正确的是
A. B.
C. D.
4.图2是我们学过的反比例函数图象,它的函数解析式可能是
A. B. C. D.
5.如图3,已知∠BAD=∠CAD,则下列条件中不一定能使
△ABD≌△ACD的是
A.∠B=∠C B.∠BDA=∠CDA
C.AB=AC D.BD=CD
6.过某十 字路口的汽车,它可能继续直行,也可能向左或向右转.若这三种可能性大小相同,则两辆汽车经过该十字路口全部继续直行的概率为
A. B. C. D.
7.矩形具有而菱形不具有的性质是
A.对角线互相平分 B.对角线互相垂直
C.对角线相等 D.是中心对称图形
8.关于二次函数 ,下列说法中正确的是
A.它的开口方向是向上 B.当x –1时,y随x的增大而增大
C.它的顶点坐标是(–2,3) D.当x = 0时,y有最小值是3
9.如图4,已知A是反比例函数 (x 0)图象上的一个
动点,B是x轴上的一动点,且AO=AB.那么当点A在图
象上自左向右运动时,△AOB的面积
A.增大 B.减小 C.不变 D.无法确定
10.如图5,已知AD是△ABC的高,EF是△ABC的中位线,
则下列结论中错误的是
A.EF⊥AD B.EF= BC
C.DF= AC D.DF= AB
11.某公司今年产值200万元,现计划扩大生产,使今后两年的产值都比前一年增长一个相同的百分数,这样三年(包括今年)的总产值就达到了1400万元.设这个百分数为x,则可列方程为
A.
B.
C.
D.
12.如图6,已知抛物线 与x轴分别交于A、B两点,顶点为M.将抛物线l1沿x轴翻折后再向左平移得到抛物线l2.若抛物线l2过点B,与x轴的另一个交点为C,顶点为N,则四边形AMCN的面积为
A.32 B.16 C.50 D.40
第二部分(非选择题,共64分)
二、填空题(每小题3分,共12分。)请把答案填在答题卷相应的表格里。
13.2011年深圳大运会期间,在一个有3000人的小区里,小明随机调查了其中的500人,发现有450人看深圳电视台的大运会晚间新闻.那么在该小区里随便问一人,他看深圳电视台的大运会晚间新闻的概率大约是答案请填在答题表内.
14.若方程 的一个根为1,则b的值为答案 请填在答题表内.
15.如图7,甲、乙两盏路灯相距20米,一天晚上,当小刚
从灯甲底部向灯乙底部直行16米时,发现自己的身影顶
部正好接触到路灯乙的底部,已知小刚的身高为1.6米,
那么路灯甲的高为答案请填在答题表内米.
16.如图8,四边形ABCD是边长为2的正方形,E是AD边上一点,将△CDE绕点C沿逆时针方向旋转至△CBF,连接EF交BC于点G.若EC=EG,则DE = 答案请填在答题表内.
三、解答题(本题共7小题,共52分)
17.(本题 5分)计算:
18.(本题5分)解方程:
19.(本题8分)如图9,等腰梯形ABCD中,AB//CD,AD = BC = CD,对角线BD⊥AD,DE⊥AB于E,CF⊥BD于F.
(1)求证:△ADE≌△CDF;(4分)
(2)若AD = 4,AE=2,求EF的长.(4分)
(1)转动该转盘一次,则指针指在红色区域内的概率为_______;
(2分)
(2)转动该转盘两次,如果指针两次指在的颜色能配成紫色(红
色和蓝色一起可配成紫色),那么游戏者便能获胜.请用列
表法或画树状图的方法求出游戏者能获胜的概率.(6分)
21.(本题8分)如图11,A、B、C是三座城市,A市在B市的正西方向.C市在A市北偏东60º的方向,在B市北偏东30º的方向.这三座城市之间有高速公路l1、l2、l3相互贯通.小亮驾车从A市出发,以平均每小时80公里的速度沿高速公路l2向C市驶去,3小时后小亮到达了C市.
(1)求C市到高速公路l1的最短距离;(4分)
(2)如果小亮以相同的速度从C市沿C→B→A的路线从高速公路返回A市.那么经过多长时间后,他能回到A市?(结果精确到0.1小时)( )(4分)
22.(本题9分)阅读材料:
(1)对于任意实数a和b,都有 ,∴ ,于是得到 ,当且仅当a = b时,等号成立.
(2)任意一个非负实数都可写成一个数的平方的形式。即:如果 ,则 .如:2= , 等.
例:已知a 0,求证: .
证明:∵a 0,∴
∴ ,当且仅当 时,等号成立。
请解答下列问题:
某园艺公司准备围建一个矩形花圃,其中一边靠墙(墙足够长),另外三边用篱笆围成(如图12所示).设垂直于墙的一边长为x米.
(1)若所用的篱笆长为36米,那么:
①当花圃的面积为144平方米时,垂直于墙的一边的长为多少米?(3分)
②设花圃的面积为S米2,求当垂直于墙的一边的长为多少米时,这个花圃的面积最大?并求出这个最大面积;(3分)
(2)若要围成面积为200平方米的花圃,需要用的篱笆最少是多少米?(3分)
23(本题9分)如图13-1,已知抛物线 (a≠0)与x轴交于A(–1,0)、B(3,0)两点,与y轴交于点C(0,3).
(1)求抛物线的函数表达式;(3分)
(2)若矩形EFMN的顶点F、M在位于x轴上方的抛物线上,一边EN在x轴上(如图13-2).设点E的坐标为(x,0),矩形EFMN的周长为L,求L的最大值及此时点E的坐标;(3分)
(3)在(2)的前提下(即当L取得最大值时),在抛物线对称轴上是否存在一点P,使△PMN沿直线PN折叠后,点M刚好落在y轴上?若存在,请求出所有满足条件的点P的坐标;若不存在,请说明理由.(3分)
初三数学上期末调研测试卷答案
一、选择题(每小题3分,共36分)
BCBAD ACBCD DA
二、填空题(每小题3分,共12分)
13.0.9; 14. 4 ; 15. 8 ; 16.
三、解答题
17.解:原式 = 2分(每写对一个函数值得1分)
= 3–1 4分(每算对一个运算得1分)
= 2 5 分
18.解法一:移项得 1分
配方得
2分
即 或 3分
∴ , 5分
解法二:∵ , ,
∴ 1分
∴ 3分
∴ , 5分
解法三:原方程可化为 1分
∴x–1 = 0或x–3 = 0 3分
∴ , 5分
19.(1)证明:∵DE⊥AB,AB//CD
∴DE⊥CD
∴∠1+∠3=90º 1分
∵BD⊥AD
∴∠2+∠3=90º
∴∠1=∠2 2分
∵CF⊥BD,DE⊥AB
∴∠CFD=∠AED=90º 3分
∵AD=CD
∴△ADE≌△CDF 4分
(2)解:∵DE⊥AB,AE=2,AD=4
∴∠2=30º,DE= 5分
∴∠3=90º–∠2=60º
∵△ADE≌△CDF
∴DE=DF 6分
∴△DEF是等边三角形
∴EF=DF= 7分
(注:用其它方法解答的,请根据此标准酌情给分)
20.(1) 2分
红 黄 蓝
红 (红,红) (黄,红) (蓝,红)
黄 (红,黄) (黄,黄) (蓝,黄)
蓝 (红,蓝) (黄,蓝) (蓝,蓝)
(2)解:列表得
结果共有9种可能,其中能成紫色的有2种
∴P(获胜)=
(说明:第(2)小题中,列表可画树状图得4分,求出概率得2分,共6分)
21.(1)解:过点C作CD⊥l1于点D,则已知得 1分
AC=3×80=240(km),∠CAD=30º 2分
∴CD= AC= ×240=120(km)3分
∴C市到高速公路l1的最短距离是120km。4分
(2)解:由已知得∠CBD=60º
在Rt△CBD中,
∵sin∠CBD=
∴BC= 5分
∵∠ACB=∠CBD–∠CAB=60º–30º=30º
∴∠ACB=∠CAB=30º
∴AB=BC= 6分
∴t = 7分
答:经过约3.5小时后,他能回到A市。8分
(注:用其它方法解答的,请根据此标准酌情给分)
22.(1)解:由题意得 1分
化简后得
解得: , 2分
答:垂直于墙的一边长为6米或12米。 3分
(2)解:由题意得
S = 4分
= 5分
∵a =–20,∴当x = 9时,S取得最大值是162
∴当垂直于墙的一边长为9米时,S取得最大值,最大面积是162m2。6分
(3)解:设所需的篱笆长为L米,由题意得
7分
即: 8分
∴若要围成面积为200平方米的花圃,需要用的篱笆最少是40米,9分
23.(1)解:由题意可设抛物线为 1分
抛物线过点(0,3)
解得:a =–1 2分
抛物线的解析式为:
即: 3分
(2)解:由(1)得抛物线的对称轴为直线x = 1
∵E(x,0),
∴F(x, ),EN = 4分
∴
化简得 5分
∵–20,
∴当x = 0时,L取得最大值是10,
此时点E的坐标是(0,0) 6分
(3)解:由(2)得:E(0,0),F(0,3),M(2,3),N(2,0)
设存在满足条件的点P(1,y),
并设折叠后点M的对应点为M1
∴ NPM=NPM1=90,PM=PM1
PG = 3–y,GM=1,PH = | y |,HN = 1
∵∠NPM=90º
∴
∴
解得: ,
∴点P的坐标为(1, )或(1, )7分
当点P的坐标为(1, )时,连接PC
∵PG是CM的垂直平分线,∴PC=PM
∵PM=PM1,∴PC=PM=PM1
∴∠M1CM = 90º
∴点M1在y轴上8分
同理可得当点P的坐标为(1, )时,点M1也在y轴上9分
故存在满足条件的点P,点P的坐标为(1, )或(1, )
(说明:能正确求出一个点的坐标并能说明点M刚好落在y轴上,得2分)
八年级上册语文第二次调研测试卷和答案
一、基础知识及运用(30分)
1.读下面的句子,根据拼音提示,把恰当的字填写在横线上。(4分)
九寨沟是一个佳景荟cuì_▲__、神奇莫测的kuàng_▲___世胜地;是一个不见xiān__▲__尘、自然纯净的“童话世界”。只是由于人的到来,它变得喧huá___▲__和杂乱了。
2.默写。(10分)
(1)______▲____________?齐鲁青未了。造化钟神秀,______▲_____________。
(2)荡胸生曾云,_____▲______________。_______▲___________,一览众山小。
(3)几处早莺争暖树,_________▲_______。______▲______________,浅草才能没马蹄。
(4)飞来山上千寻塔,______▲__________。不畏浮云遮望眼,▲。
(5)写出两句描写我国大好河山的古诗文。
_______▲__________________,▲。
3.下列各句中,没有语病的一项是(4分)(▲)
A.为了防止酒驾事件不再发生,眉山市加大了巡查整治力度。
B.学校开展地震安全常识教育活动,可以增强同学们的安全自我保护。
C.完善食品安全法规,规范食品安全监管机制,提高人们的食品安全意识,已经到了迫在眉睫的地步了。
D.学生能够熟练而规范地书写正楷字,是衡量学生是否达到《语文课程标准》对汉字书写的要求。
4.仿句练习。(2分)
例句:不到阿里山,何以能说到了台湾?不到神木,又何以能说到了阿里山?
▲
5.名著阅读《钢铁是怎样炼成的》。(10分)【(1)-(3)每题2分,第(4)题4分】
(1)《钢铁是怎样炼成的》中,保尔是在谁的影响下走向革命道路?(▲)
A.阿维尔巴赫教授B.巴扎诺娃C.朱赫莱D.母亲
(2)《钢铁是怎样炼成的》多次描绘了一条美丽的河,它是(▲)
A.西德维纳河B.第聂伯河C.顿河D.伏尔加河
(3)小说以“钢铁”命名的原因分析不正确的是(▲)
A.不是蓝色的眼睛,而应该象钢铁般灰色的眼睛。
B.“斯大林”在俄语里就有“钢铁”的意思,这部小说体现了斯大林的思想。
C.人们应有保尔钢铁般的意志。D.打仗需要用钢铁作的武器。
(4)保尔是在什么情况下,对生命的价值进行思考的?他为什么能对生命的意义想的那样深刻?▲
二、阅读理解(60分)
(一)、阅读《阿里山纪行》节选部分,完成文后问题。(12分)
满眼是未加采伐的原始森林。①潭无鱼鳖,林无鸟兽,②偶或有如蝉、如蝇、如蚊的声音,侧耳谛听、分辨、捕捉,却又没有了。那是静谧的世界、净洁的世界,甚或禅的世界。偶有人声也是悄悄的,舍不得打破山间的安宁。同行者都在深深地吸气,仿佛要把整个阿里山的空气都吸进去,不再吐出来。
几乎在树身之间穿行,我们终于看到了神木。它是台湾著名的红桧,木有香气,高达58米,胸径6.5米,可以说是罕见的庞然大物。大就成了”精”,成了”神”。其树龄约有三千年,被发现的历史也近一个世纪了。这些或许是它被冠名为”神木”的原因吧。同时,我也明白了,没有那无边无际的原始森林,是孕育不出”神木”这样的树中巨子的。
下山的路上,不知谁哼起《高山青》,”阿里山的姑娘美如水,”但整个游程却没有看到。山中,树多人少,不知道阿里山的姑娘究竟在何方。树密、阴厚,仿佛能揉出浓汁。我只觉得,阿里山的风光美如画?
6.神木为什么被称之为”神木”?(2分)
__________________________▲________________________________________
7.你怎么理解划线句①,那些鱼、鸟、兽到哪里去了呢?(4分)
__________________________▲_________________________________________________
8.结合划线句②,说说作者当时的感受。(2分)
__________________________▲_________________________________________________
9.作者没有见到阿里山的姑娘,他遗憾吗?阿里山的姑娘究竟在哪里呢?(4分)
__________________________▲_________________________________________________
(二)、阅读《小石潭记》完成文后的问题。(18分)
从小丘西行百二十步,隔篁竹,闻水声,如鸣佩环,心乐之。伐竹取道,下见小潭,水尤清冽。全石以为底,近岸,卷石底以出,为坻,为屿,为嵁,为岩。青树翠蔓,蒙络摇缀,参差披拂。
潭中鱼可百许头,皆若空游无所依。日光下彻,影布石上,佁然不动;俶尔远逝,往来翕忽,似与游者相乐。
潭西南而望,斗折蛇行,明灭可见。其岸势犬牙差互,不可知其源。
坐潭上,四面竹树环合,寂寥无人,凄神寒骨,悄怆幽邃。以其境过清,不可久居,乃记之而去。
同游者:吴武陵,龚古,余弟宗玄。隶而从者,崔氏二小生:曰恕己,曰奉壹。
10.解释下列加点字在文中的意思。(8分)
(1)潭中鱼可百许头____▲_________
(2)斗折蛇行_______▲_________
(3)以其境过清_________▲_______
(4)不可久居_______▲_________
11.用现代汉语写出“俶尔远逝,往来翕忽,似与游者相乐。”的意思。(3分)
______________________________▲_____________________________________________
12.作者在游小石潭时的心情有什么变化,结合你对作者的了解说说是什么原因导致他的心情变化的?(4分)
____________________________▲_______________________________________________
13.结合上下文说说为什么”闻水声,如鸣佩环”?(3分)
____________________________▲_______________________________________________
(三)、比较阅读甲文《答谢中书书》和乙文《记承天寺夜游》,完成14—17题。(18分)
【甲文】山川之美,古来共谈。高峰入云,清流见底。两岸石壁,五色交辉。青林翠竹。四时俱备。晓雾将歇,猿鸟乱鸣;夕日欲颓,沉鳞竞跃。实是欲界之仙都。自康乐以来,未复有能与其奇者。
【乙文】元丰六年十月十二日夜,解衣欲睡月色入户欣然起行念无与为乐者遂至承天寺寻张怀民。怀民亦未寝,相与步于中庭。庭下如积水空明,水中藻、荇交横,盖竹柏影也。何夜无月?何处无竹柏?但少闲人如吾两人者耳。
14.用“/”为文中画线句子标出停顿。(2分)
解衣欲睡月色人户欣然起行念无与为乐者遂至承天寺寻张怀民。
15.解释下列加点的词。(4分)
(1)晓雾将歇(▲)
(2)未复有能与其奇者(▲)
(3)怀民亦未寝(▲)
(4)但少闲人如吾两人者耳(▲)
16.用现代汉语翻译下列句子。(4分)
(1)沉鳞竞跃。▲
(2)相与步于中庭。▲
17.填空。(8分)
(1)甲文写景动静相衬,其中通过生命活动的描写,为景增添动感的语句是“_____▲____”和“____▲___”。乙文写景的名句是“________▲_”。(4分)
(2)甲乙两文都写了自然景物,甲文描绘了“▲之美”,乙文描写了“▲之美”。但两文表达的思想感情有所不同,甲文表达了作者的▲思想感情;乙文则把赏月的欣喜、漫步的悠闲、贬谪的悲凉、人生的感慨等微妙复杂的思想感情浓缩在文中“__________▲”的语句中。(4分)
(四)、阅读说明文,完成习题。(12分,每题3分)
人类正面临着全球变暖的挑战。联合国的一份报告向我们描述了气候变化产生的灾难性后果:森林消失和沙漠扩大,将使非洲成为受影响最广的地区;热带流行的疟疾和寄生虫病将向北蔓延,使欧洲出现流行病;地中海地区由于严重缺水会半沙漠化,滑雪运动在欧洲将荡然无存;在英国,肆虐的冬季风暴将变得司空见惯,东部的某些地方可能变得过于干旱而无法种植各类作物。另外,一些河流水量将大大减少甚至干涸,饮用水源遭到破坏;昔日绕道而行的台风将频频袭击日本,致使短时间内大量降水,洪水泛滥,城市淹没,山体滑坡,交通中断。而最为严重的影响,将是地球上数以百万计的人由于海岸线受侵蚀、海岸被淹没和农业生产遭破坏而被迫离开家园。
最新的一项研究表明,到本世纪末,地球平均气温将比现在升高3℃。这一预测是以近年来地球气温升高的现象和温室效应为依据的。温室效应,在物理学上是指透射阳光的密闭空间由于与外界缺乏对流等热交换而产生的保温效应。大气层中的二氧化碳在大气层中的含量直接影响着地表热量向空间散失,使大气层保持一定的热能。二氧化碳在大气层中的含量直接影响着地表气温,当大气层中的二氧化碳增加时,地表气温就相应升高。科学家认为,大气中的二氧化碳在地球环境的演化中起了极其重要的作用,如果没有大气层的保温作用,全球气温将为-40℃,而现在全球平均气温为16℃。科学家们预言,人类如不采取果断和必要的措施,到2030年,大气中二氧化碳的含量将比1850年工业革命时增加一倍。
导致大气层中二氧化碳含量上升的原因是显而易见的。工业革命开始以后,化石燃料(煤炭、石油、天然气)的燃烧量越来越大,使大气中二氧化碳的浓度不断增加。同时,雷击、虫害、砍伐造成的森林火灾、草地衰退和森林破坏也使能够吸收二氧化碳的绿色植物遭到破坏。所以,要控制全球变暖,必须改变能源结构,大力植树造林。有科学家指出,只有以核燃料代替化石燃料,才能从根本上防止温室效应的加剧。
气候是人类赖以生存的条件,全球气候变暖是人类自身活动所造成的灾难。我们必须树立全球共同性的大气环境观念,为自身的生存和发展,爱护头顶上的这片蓝天。
18.下列对”温室效应”这一概念的理解,准确的一项是(▲)
A.指由于与外界缺乏对流等热交换,能够接受阳光的一定的密闭空间中所产生的一种保温效应。
B.指二氧化碳等温室气体剧增以后,又与外界缺乏对流等热交换,从而使地表气温相应升高的效应。
C.指在接受阳光的密闭空间中能够影响地表气温的二氧化碳含量增加,使地表气温相应升高的效应。
D.指大气层中主要的温室气体,通过减少地表热量向空间散失,在特定密闭空间中产生的.保温效应。
19.根据原文,全球气温变暖带来的影响最严重的一项是(▲)
A.河流水量减少甚至干涸,饮用水源遭到破坏,导致不少地区沙漠扩大,疾病流行。
B.肆虐的冬季风暴将变得司空见惯,一些地区会因为过于干旱而无法种植各类作物。
C.数以百万计的人因海岸线受侵蚀、海岸被淹没和农业生产遭破坏而被迫离开家园。
D.台风频频袭击,致使短时间内大量降水,洪水泛滥,城市淹没,山体滑坡,交通中断。
20.下列对”全球气候变暖是人类自身活动所造成的灾难”这句话的理解,不正确的一项是(▲)
A.世界各国迟迟不采取果断和必要的措施,不改变能源结构和大力植树造林,以致大气层的温室效应越来越严重。
B.1850年工业革命以来,大量开采和燃烧煤炭、石油、天然气化石燃料的结果,大大增加了大气层中温室气体的含量。
C.由于人类无限制的破坏,地球上大片森林和草地急剧消失,沙漠进一步扩大,使得地表气温也随之不断升高。
D.因雷击和虫害而造成的森林火灾、草地衰退,导致能够吸收二氧化碳的植被日益减少,而人类对此却束手无策。
21.根据原文提供的信息,以下推断不正确的一项是(▲)
A.非洲是受全球变暖影响最广的地区,人类如果能从根本上防止温室效应的加剧,那么非洲因此而受益的面积也将最广。
B.一旦人类能够控制大气层中二氧化碳的含量,从根本上防止温室效应加剧,那么滑雪运动在欧洲将能继续,台风将远离日本。
C.为避免增加大气层中二氧化碳的含量,一些科学家主张用核燃料代替化石燃料,可见使用核燃料不会产生二氧化碳。
D.假如大气层中二氧化碳的浓度持续降低,全球气温就有可能持续降低,人类也许将面临另一场全球变冷的挑战。
三、小作文(30分)
请以"开考时刻"为题,写一篇200-250字左右的短文。(最多不要超过300字)
提示:适当描写场景,着重写出自己的心情。
答案
一、基础知识与运用
1.萃旷纤哗
2.略
飞流直下三千尺,疑是银河落九天。天门中断楚江开,碧水东流至此回。三万里河东入海,五千仞岳上摩天。
3.C(A:否定词“不”误用;B:缺必要的宾语“意识”;D:前后不一致,一面和两面不搭配,应去掉后面的“是否”。)
4.不到北京,何以能说到了中国?不到八达岭长城,又何以能说到了北京?
5.CBD见补充习题88页
二、阅读理解
(一)、
6.神木体形巨大,历史悠久,所以被冠名为”神木”
7.人们连说话都是悄悄的,没有去打扰这些鱼、鸟、兽,它们也没有必要出来四散逃窜,所以它们就在游客身边,说明游客的环保意识很强,在这里,人与自然是融洽的、和谐的。
8.作者可以感觉到山林的幽静,”如蝉、如蝇、如蚊”三个比喻写出了山林里若有若无的声音,以声反衬静。
9.作者领略了阿里山美丽的风光,如同见到了一位美丽的阿里山姑娘,他也坚信阿里山的山水可以养育出如山水般清新脱俗的阿里山姑娘,他并不遗憾,这个姑娘已被他装在心里了。(或作者不会感到遗憾,阿里山姑娘只是一种美的象征,作者在美丽的阿里山山水中已经看到了阿里山的姑娘,并把她永远放在了心里。)
(二)、10.(1)大约(2)像北斗星那样(3)因为(4)停留
11.忽然间向远处游去了,来来往往,轻快敏捷,好像跟游览的人逗乐。
12.作者刚开始是无忧无虑、欣然而往的,但在环境的刺激下,作者感到了自己内心深处的忧伤、苦闷。作者因为当时谪居永州,满腹宏图大志不得施展,怀着一种愤懑不平的苦闷心情。
13.因为小石潭”全石以为底,近岸,卷石底以出,为坻,为屿,为嵁,为岩”,所以水与各种形状的石头碰撞,发出清脆悦耳的声音。
(三)、14.解衣欲睡/月色入户/欣然起行/念无与为乐者/遂至承天寺寻张怀民。
15.(1)消散(2)参与,这里指欣赏(3)睡觉(4)只是
16.(1)潜游在水中的鱼争相跳出水面。
(2)我们一起在庭院中散步。
17.(1)猿鸟乱鸣沉鳞竞跃庭下如积水空明,水中藻、荇交横,盖竹柏影也。
(2)山川月色(月夜)热爱自然,沉醉山水(意思对即可)
但少闲人如吾两人者耳
(四)、A、C、D、B
名校调研系列卷 九年级期末小综合 物理
县实验中学2010-2011学年度初三年级第二次阶段考试
物理试题(100分)
(考试时间100分钟)
请将答案全部填在答题纸上的指定位置,填写在其它位置无效!!
一、单项选择题(每小题2 分,共24分)
1.以下数据中,最接近事实的是
A.普通铅笔的长度约为40cm B.人洗澡时合适的水温约60℃
C.人骑自行车的功率约为70W D.短跑运动员的速度可达72 km/h
2.汽油机是由四个冲程不断循环而工作的,图中表示机械能能转化为内能的冲程是
3.蹦床运动是运动员从蹦床弹向空中表演技巧动作的一项体育活动.当运动员离开蹦床弹向空中的过程中,运动员具有的
A.动能增加,势能减少 B.动能增加,势能增加
C.动能减少,势能减少 D.动能减少,势能增加
4.下列做法中,属于增大摩擦的是
A.锁生锈不好打开时,将少量食油注入锁孔后,就容易打开了
B.拉链拉不动时,可在拉链上抹一点石蜡,就容易拉了
C.搬运笨重货箱时,可在地上铺几根圆木,就容易推动了
D.汽车失事的马路上流满了润滑油,可在路面上撒些沙子或煤渣,就更安全了
5.对下列现象的解释,其中正确的是
A.用手捏海绵,海绵的体积变小了,说明分子间有间隙
B.封闭在容器内的液体很难被压缩,说明分子间有引力
C. 打开香水瓶盖后,能闻到香味,说明分子在永不停息的运动
D. 铅笔芯用了一段时间后会变短,说明分子间有斥力
6.如图所示,—小球先后在盛有不同液体的容器A、B、C和D中保持静止,四个容器中的液面到容器底面的距离相同,容器底面受到的液体压强最大的是
7.蜡烛放在离凸透镜40cm处时,在透镜另一侧的光屏上得到清晰放大的像.若把蜡烛从原来位置向远离透镜方向移动40cm,则所成清晰的像—定是
A.放大的虚像 B.放大的实像
C.正立的虚像 D.缩小的实像
8.如图所示,弹簧的重力不计,弹簧的上端固定在天花板上,下端悬挂一个
小球,系统处于静止状态,下列几组力中属于平衡力的是
A.天花板对弹簧的拉力和弹簧对天花板的拉力
B.弹簧对球的拉力和球受到的重力
C.球对弹簧的拉力和弹簧对球的拉力
D.球对弹簧的拉力和球受到的重力
9.人类发射的探测器已飞出太阳系,若发射的探测器所受外力全部消失,则探测器
A.沿原路径返回地球 B.沿原方向做减速直线运动
C.沿原方向做匀速直线运动 D.沿原方向做加速直线运动
10.两个相同的鱼缸均注满水,一个鱼缸中浮有一小木块,以下说法中正确的是
A.漂浮在鱼缸中的木块受到的浮力大于重力
B.把两个鱼缸分别放在台秤上,台秤的示数相同
C.往鱼缸中加一些盐,木块受到的浮力增大
D.有木块的鱼缸底受到的水的压强较大
11.电流看不见、摸不着,判断电路中是否有电流时,我们可通过电路中的灯泡是否发光去确定.下面是小红同学在学习中遇到的四个研究实例,其中采取的方法与研究电路中是否有电流方法相同的是
A.通过测100张纸的厚度来测1张纸的厚度
B.人们通过研究墨水的扩散现象认识分子的运动情况
C.研究电流与电压、电阻关系时,控制电阻(电压)不变,研究电流与电压(电阻)关系
D.学习电压时,我们可以通过对比水压来认识它
12.如图所示的电路中,电源两端的电压保持不变,闭合开关S,将滑动变阻器的滑片P向右移动,下列说法中正确的是
A.电压表V1与电压表V2的示数之和保持不变
B.电压表V2与电流表A的示数之比保持不变
C.电流表A的示数变小,电压表V1的示数变大
D.电流表A的示数变小,电压表V2的示数变大
二、填充题(每空1分,共28分)
13.在铡刀、钢丝钳、天平、钓鱼杆这些杠杆中,使用时属于费力杠杆的是 .
14.电磁波在真空中的传播速度约为 m/s,连云港人民广播电台某调频台发射的电磁波的频率为98.7 MHz,该电磁波的波长是 m (计算结果保留两位小数) .
15.竖直向上抛出一小球,小球到达最高点时处于 状态(选填“平衡”或“非平衡”),你判断的依据是____________________________.(忽略空气阻力)
16.游泳时会有这样的体验:当人站立在水中且身体要浸没时,池底对脚的支持力几乎为零.现有一位重500N的同学正在体验这种感觉,此时他受到的浮力约为 N,排开水的体积约为 m3(取g= 10N/kg).
17.2008年雪灾给湖南、贵州等地造成很大的损失,其中“冻雨”是这场雪灾中最大的杀手.“冻雨”形成实际上是雨滴从空中落下来时,由于近地面的气温很低,雨在电线杆、树木、植被及道路表面 成一层晶莹透亮的冰 (填物态变化名称) .
18.据报道,一厂家发明了一种“手机自生能”技术.手机上装上特制电池,上下左右摇晃手机即可产生电能,每摇一分钟可通话两分钟.如果将手机上下摇动一次,相当于将300g的重物举高l0cm,每秒约摇一次.则根据报道可知,每摇一次可以获得的电能为__________J,该手机使用时的功率约为_________W.(取g= 10N/kg)
19. 用一个动滑轮将重为8N的物体匀速提升1m,所用竖直向上的拉力为5N,则动滑轮的机械效率为 ;用此动滑轮4s内将重为18N物体匀速提升lm,拉力的功率为 W.(不计绳重和摩擦)
20.现有两个灯泡L1、L2,分别标有“10V 10W”和“9V 5.4W”的字样.当将它们串联使用时,电路两端允许加的最大电压是 V;当将他们并联使用时,干路允许通过的最大电流是 A.
21.做“观察凸透镜成像”实验时,应把蜡烛、凸透镜、光屏放在一条直线上,点燃蜡烛,并要调整凸透镜和光屏,使它们的中心和蜡烛的中心大致在同一高度,这样做的目的是 ;适当调节凸透镜和光屏的位置,观察到光屏上出现清晰、倒立、缩小的烛焰像,这时测得蜡烛到凸透镜的距离u与凸透镜焦距f的大小关系应是____________,根据这个原理制成的仪器有 .
22.仔细观察下面的六幅图,在题中空格处填写相应序号.
(1)能够说明大气压存在的是 图;
(2)能够说明电动机工作原理的是 图;
(3)能够说明内能做功转化为机械能的是 图.
23.小明在实验室里测量一块形状不规则、体积较大的矿石的密度.
①因矿石体积较大,放不进量筒,因此他利用一只烧杯,按图所示方法进行测量,矿石的体积是 cm3;
②用托盘天平已测得矿石的质量是175g,则矿石的密度是 kg/m3;从图A到图B的操作引起的密度测量值比真实值_______(选填“偏大”、“偏小”或“不变”);
③在使用已调节好的托盘天平,按规范的操作来称量矿石的质量时,通过增、减砝码后,指针偏在分度盘中线右边某处,这时应该 .
A.向左调平衡螺母 B.往右盘中加砝码
C.从右盘中减砝码,并移动游码 D.向右移动游码
24.太阳能是人类能源的宝库,太阳能集热器是直接利用太阳能的一种装置,它可以利用太阳能把水加热.下面是某太阳能热水器铭牌上的一组技术参数:
型 号 真空管/mm
直径×长度 容积/L 集热管采光
面积/m2 吸热功率/W 水温/℃
A821-1.8m Φ58×1800 200 2.90 1200~2500 40~98
其中“吸热功率”是指:在阳光照射下,集热管每秒钟吸收太阳辐射的能量(热量).若此热水器中装满20℃的冷水,要使水温升高30℃,需吸收的热量是 J;若按最大吸热功率计算,加热这些水需要的时间是 h.[不计热量散失,水的密度为1.0×103kg/m3,水的比热容为4.2×103J/(kg•℃)]
25.如图甲所示的电路中,电源电压保持不变,闭合开关S后,滑动变阻器的滑片P由B端移动到A端时,测得电阻R1两端的电压与通过电阻R1的电流的变化关系如图乙所示.则电源的电压为 V,变阻器的最大阻值是 Ω.
三、解答题(共48分)
26.(6分)(1)画出图18中悬浮在水面上小球受到的重力和浮力示意图;
(2)入射光线从空气垂直射入三角形玻璃砖,请分别在图19中画出光线从空气进入玻璃、玻璃再进入空气的光路图;
(3)如图20所示,将光滑的薄板平放在盛水的玻璃杯上,薄板上竖直摆放一只火柴盒抽盖,盒盖上放一只鸡蛋.用力快速水平击打薄板.请你在图中标出薄板飞出后鸡蛋的运动方向。
27.(2分)车辆超载是造成高速公路路面结构损坏的一个重要因素.小明为某大桥设计一个车辆超重的报警装置,当路面压力达到设定值时,压力传感器就接通电路.要求车辆超重时,信号灯就发光.请你在图中为他连接好电路.
28.(2分)如图所示是某种物质熔化时温度随时间变化的图象.请你根据图象写出两条的合理信息.
29.(4分)小军在探究光的折射规律时做了如图所示的实验,下表中是她测出的数据,根据实验现象和表中数据,她得出了如下结论:光从空气斜射入其他介质中时,折射光线靠近法线,折射角小于入射角.
入射角i 51°
折射角r 31°
(1)你认为小军的探究结论是否可靠?说出你的理由.
(2)如果小军想验证折射现象中光路是否可逆,她应该怎样做?
30.(12分)在学习欧姆定律之后,老师请同学们设计一个测未知电阻Rx的电路.
⑴小明同学设计的电路如图甲所示,R0为已知阻值的电阻,当S1闭合、S2断开时,电流表读数为I;当S1、S2都闭合时,电流表读数为I1.则小明同学测Rx的表达式 .
⑵小红设计了一种不同于小明同学设计的测量电路,如图乙所示.请你将图丙中的器材按图乙电路连接起来(用笔连线表示导线),要求滑动变阻器的滑片P处于最右端时,连入电路的阻值最大.
⑶小红设计的电路中,电源电压为12V,调节滑动变阻器的滑片P,使电流表的示数为0.2A时,电压表的示数恰为8V.求:
①Rx的电阻值;②变阻器连入电路的阻值;③滑动变阻器消耗的电功率.
31.(5分)如图所示,某矿区工人用200N的水平拉力,抓紧绳子的一端,沿水平地面匀速向右运动,在10s内将矿井内质量为32kg的物体提升4m.根据题目所给出的条件,请你计算出与本题相关的5个物理量,要求写出简要的文字说明和结果.(取g= 10N/kg,滑轮与绳间摩擦不计)
32.(9分)如图所示是一种测量小汽车油箱内油量装置的原理图.压力传感器R的电阻随所受压力大小发生变化,油量表(由电流表改装而成)指针能指示出油箱里的油的多少.已知压力传感器R的电阻与所受压力的关系如下表所示.
压力F/N 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 …
电阻R/Ω 500 380 310 245 200 170 150 …
若电源电压为6V,压力传感器R的上表面面积为5cm2,汽油热值为4.6×107J/kg,汽油密度为0.71×103kg/m3.请回答:
(1)当油与箱总重为600N时,压力传感器R受到的压强是多大?
(2)如果空油箱的质量为5.8kg,油量表指针指向2×10-2m3时,电路中电流是多少?
33.(8分)某校的研究性学习小组通过研究发现了苹果的甜度和其电阻有一定关系,并初步得到了一种鉴别苹果甜度的方法.以下是该研究小组的研究过程和成果.请你在划线处完成填空,或根据提问作出问答.
(1)苹果电阻的测量.
我们知道干燥的苹果表面覆盖有一层绝缘的蜡质物.研究小组在探索中意外发现苹果的柄和苹果顶部向内凹进的部分竟然是导电的,好象两个天然的电极.请用笔画线代替导线,在图中完成测量苹果电阻的实验电路.
(2)探究影响苹果电阻的因素.
有同学在研究中提出:苹果的电阻不仅与苹果的甜度有关,还可能与苹果的不规则形状有关.为此,他们共设计了如下两个实验方案,经过讨论选择了一种方案进行实验.你认为实验小组选择了哪一种方案,为什么?
(A)对同一苹果外围进行不同程度的切削,并测出加相同电压下的电流;
(B)选择相同甜度、不同形状的苹果进行测量,并测出加相同电压下的电流;
该小组所选的方案为 _;
选择的原因是 .
该小组用他们所选的正确方案进行了正确的实验操作,发现,每次给苹果加16V的电压后,测出的电流表的示数都为145μA,通过分析他们的实验数据可以得出的结论是 .
(3)探究通过苹果的电流与苹果汁中糖浓度的关系.
研究小组用甜度不同的苹果来进行实验(实验中所用的苹果事先由专业人员测量出了甜度),每次都给苹果加24V的电压,测出通过苹果的电流,最终得到了下表的实验数据:
电压/V 24 24 24 24 24 24
电流/μA 10 50 120 180 240 320
糖浓度/(mg/ml) 32 40 54 66 78 94
①分析实验数据可以初步得出的结论是:苹果越甜,其电阻越_________.
②请你根据图象和表格中的数据,归纳出加24V电压时,电流(用I表示,单位μA)与糖浓度(用P表示,单位mg/ml)的关系可表达为 ;如果糖浓度达80 mg/ml已感到甜了,那么给苹果加30V的电压时,测量苹果中有300μA的电流,这个苹果是 (选填“甜”或“不甜”).
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