本篇文章给同学们谈谈合肥市高三调研卷生物答案，以及合肥市2020年高三第一次生物对应的知识点，希望对各位同学有所帮助，不要忘记分享给你的朋友哦！
本文目录一览：
- 1、2007年合肥市高三第二次教学质量检测试卷
- 2、全国100所名校单元测试示范卷·高三·生物卷（一）
- 3、全国100所名校单元测试示范卷高三生物卷（1）答案--高考第一轮总复习用卷（新课标)江西金太阳教育研究所编
- 4、高中生物仿真测试卷及答案解析
- 5、合肥168中学
- 6、一道高三生物题
2007年合肥市高三第二次教学质量检测试卷
合肥市2007年高三第二次教学质量检测
英语试题
第I卷 (三部分，共115分)
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分。满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、c三个选项中选出最佳选项。并标在答题卷的相应位置。用答题卡的考生，先把选出的最佳选项标在试卷的相应位置，再转涂到答题卡上。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A．￡19.15． B．￡9.15． C．￡9.18．
答案是B。
1. Where is Linda now?
A. At her office. B. In her apartment. C. Out for shopping.
2. How many students were absent from the PE. class?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
3. What does the man probably do?
A. A waiter. B. A salesman. C. A gate boy.
4. When is the birthday party?
A. May the 1st . B. May the 2nd . C. May the 3rd .
5. What can we know from the conversation?
A. The man didn' t want m answer the e-mail.
B. The man was busy with work last week.
C. The man' s computer is out of order.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分．满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在答题卷的相应位置。用答题卡的考生，先把选出的最佳选项标在试卷的相应位置，再转涂到答题卡上。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第六段材料，回答第6至第8题。
6. What' s the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Boss and secretary. C. Traveler and agent.
7. Why does the man insist on not traveling by air?
A. Because of safety. B. Because d crowding. C. Because of expense.
8. How will they probably go to Dalian?
A. By air. B. By sea. C. By train.
听第七段材料，回答第9至第11题。
9. How about the woman' s typing speed?
A. Excellent. B. Average. C. Poor.
10. Which of the following is the woman unable to do?
A. Use the computer. B. Write fast. C. Work full-time.
11. Which position does the woman want?
A. Operator. B. Typist. C. Secretary.
听第八段材料，回答第12至第14题。
12. Who will be the viewers of the show?
A. Their classmates. B. Brothers White. C. Sally' s brother.
13. How often does Sally sing in the church?
A. Every morning. B. Every Sunday. C. Every Saturday.
14. What does the man think of Sally' s coming acting?
A. He thinks her acting must be exciting.
B. He thinks her acting will be bering.
C. He feels doubtful about her acting.
听第九段材料，回答第15至第17题。
15. Why did the man talk to the woman?
A. He wax ted to rent an apartment.
B. He saw a sign in the street.
C. He needed to buy a house.
16. What can we know from the conversation?
A. The apartment is big enough and with furniture.
B. The man should buy some furniture if moving in.
C. A discount will be offered ff the man buys furniture.
17. How much will the man pay the year fee in advance?
A. ￥7,200. B. ￥7,140. C. ￥6,840.
听第十段材料，回答第18至第20题。
18. Who were under the survey according to the report?
A. Chinese. B. Germans. C. Americans.
19. Who will probably be happy about the news?
A. Beer makers. B. Heavy drinkers. C. Winner drinkers.
20. What can we learn from the news?
A. People who drink beer seldom report illness.
B. Health seems to be connected with beer drinking.
C. Beer is better than any other alcoholic drinks.
第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节．满分45分)
第一节语法和词汇知识（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并标在答题卷的相应位置。用答题卡的考生，先把选出的最佳选项标在试卷的相应位置，再转涂到答题卡上。
21. –Well, honey, I'm sorry but I have to board on.
-- ______________, and God bless you when you are in l.raq.
A. Enjoy yourself B. Do take care C. Have a nice trip D. Mind your steps
22. Her class is far less efficient; no questions were asked of us. , no student is _________.
A. Namely; called on B. Generally; called out
C. Normally ; called up D. Narrowly; called over
23. Check your answers carefully and make some changes __________.
A. if it necessary B. if you are necessary
C. if is necessary D. if necessary
24. Today even ordinary people understand that the universe is something larger than ever _____ before.
A. think B. to think C. thought D. thinking.
25. be invited to our wedding ceremony?
A. Do you suppose who should B. Who do you suppose will
C. Who do you suppose could D. Do you supposet who can
26. Mr. Smith, I should tell you this is the fifth time you ____________ me for my twin sister.
A. have mistaken B. are mistaking C. had mistaken D. are mistaken
27. As a/an ____________ foothaller, Dong Fangzhuo has been picked by one of the G14 clubs -- Manchester Union.
A. encouraging B. inviting C. visiting D. promising
28. --Is it my experience ________ the manager minds?
--I' m afraid not. He is just considering it _________ to have a female secretary.
A. what; good B. that; better C. which; best D. 不填; worse
29. We keep a cool head on over-heating development, for it ______ have negative influence upon national economy.
A. should; must B. must; would C. might; could D. must; may
30. The mayor is busy all day with city , so he can' t spare time to see you.
A. affairs B. incidents C. accidents D. subjects
31. As a workaholic, Mr. Wang is keener on his teaching than _____________.
A. anything else B. everything else C. nothing else D. something else
32. --I' d like 100 T-shirts of Metershonwe in red.
--We may be __________, but I can order some for you within two days.
A. out of date B. in store C. out of stock D. in short
33. --Hello, is that Ms. Blackburn, the headteacher speaking?
--I' m sorry. There isn' t ___________ Ms. Blackburn in our school.
A. the B. a C. one D. 不填
34. Holidaymakers become more practical and pay money only for _____________ they need.
A. where B. what C. when D. which
35. Life is harder for Senior Three students throughout China. Hardly ________ endless exercises or tests.
A. does everyday go by with B. does any day go by without
C. everyday goes by without D. any day goes by with
第二节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分。满分30分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36—55各题所给的四个选项(A、B、c和D)中，选出最佳选项，并标在答题卷的相应位置。用答题卡的考生，先把选出的最佳选项标在试卷的相应位置，再转涂到答题卡上。
The most difficult thing for university student Shaun Rogers is opening the classroom door by himself. Shaun can' t do this without 36 because he' s only six years old. He' s the 37 person ever to study at Rochester University in New York. Shann began 38 at two, by the age of five he was regularly communicating with university professors and will shortly 39 his first book. " I _40 learning", says Shaun. "My hero is the scientist Albert Einstein because he never 41 his hair or wore socks. "
Psychologists have found it difficult to test Shaun' s 42 because it goes beyond what they usually measure. Shaun' s mother first 43 that her son was different when he kept crying at playschool because he was 44 with the children' s games. She started teaching him at home _45_ finding that local schools were not prepared for children who learnt 46 Shann' s speed. Now Shaun is studying geography at 47 and using the Internet to complete his high school studies.
However, some 48 warn that too much study can prevent a child from 49 normally. "I don't care how 50 the kid is, six-year-olds have to 51 their friends," says Dr Brain Wood. Mrs. Rogers 52 that her son' s time was completely 53 by school work. "He loves the violin and has many 54 interests, such as camping, fishing and swimming, just 55 other boys of his age. "
36. A. help B. key C. force D. bench
37. A. little B. youngest C. small D. weakest
38. A. reading B. running C. speaking D. walking
39. A, contact B. purchase C. complete D. abandon
40. A. start B. hate C. finish D. love
41. A. washed B. combed C. cut D. pinned
42. A. intelligence B. imagination C. confidence D. determination
43. A. shamed B. puzzled C. realized D. astonished
44. A. shocked B. fulfilled C. content D. bored
45. A. although B. after C. while D. before
46. A. from B. at C. of D. about
47. A. primary school B. junior school C. high school D. university
48. A. parents B. physicians C. psychologists D. teachers
49. A. thinking B. acting C. performing D. developing
50, A. brilliant B. old C. strong D. naughty
51. A. live with B. play with C. study with D. talk with
52. A. admitted B. complained C. disagreed D. stressed
53. A. filled up B. taken up C. broken up D. ended up
54. A. indoor B. special C. outdoor D. potential
55. A. beyond B. with C. equal D. like
第三部分 阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、c和D)中，选出最佳选项，并标在答题卷的相应位置。用答题卡的考生，先把选出的最佳选项标在试卷的相应位置，再转涂到答题卡上。
A
I’ve done many things that would make any parent proud. I’ve taken part in sports, community work and school events, but I am most proud to be a good big brother. I have to watch over four sisters and a brother, plus myself. That's quite a task, but one I feel I have gotten good at.
My brother needs more attention than most siblings. When he was nine, he was hit by a pick-up truck on the way to the bus stop and lost use of the lower two-thirds of his body. He's been in a wheelchair for six years. My brother does many things, but sometimes he tries to do things he used to do but can' t now. I' m always there with words of encouragement.
I now watch my brother struggle to do as many things as he can within and beyond his limits. Should he fall, I will be the person to pick him up. I also watch as my younger sisters grow up into intelligent, beautiful young women. Whenever my brother or sisters need a helping hand or words of encouragement, I' m on the job. That' s what I, the big brother, am for.
56. How many people are probably there in the author' s family?
A. 5 B. 6 C. 7 D. 8
57. The author' s brother needs more attention because __________.
A. he is the youngest child of the family
B. he lost the functions of his lower body
C. he was disabled by a careless bus driver
D. he needs the words of encouragement
58. We can learn from the text that a big brother ______________.
A. sometimes takes more responsibilities
B. must put up with the incredible hardship
C. can be asked for help whenever needed
D. is the most important guy in a big family
B
"Why can' t we just have cell phones in class?" This is a very frequently asked question among students all over the world.
The top five reasons for banning cell phones in schools are because they are probably troublesome, used for connection with drug or gang activity, and even used for calling bomb or other types of threats in. Also cell phones can be used for cheating in school. Many of the new cell phones include a camera and texting abilities, both of which could easily be used for cheating on tests and quizzes.
On the other side, still some students and parents feel it is a safety measure for kids to carry their cell phones in school. They are used as a tool for safety during a possible emergence.
Most school board members suggested allowing cell phones, but keeping them turned off, and in lockers during school, while allowing use before and after school. However, at some schools in European countries, the rule is no cell phones. A recent survey shows that 75 percent of students there thought the rule was unreasonable, and the other 25 percent said it did not matter either way.
One student said, "As long as you' re not using it in class, I don' t think we should get in trouble, and we should be allowed to use them before and after school. " Another student said, "It does not matter if cell phones are allowed or not because most of us can find ways to use them. "
Overall, whether cell phone can be used at schools is very debatable. There are many different opinions and ideas about the ever so popular cell phone debate. Although, some students think that they must obey the rule of no cell phones in school until they are told differently.
59. Which of the following is TRUE? ________.
A. Using cell phones has become a worldwide crisis
B. Carrying cell phones is a safety measure only for kids
C. Cell phones in school have nothing to do with criminals
D. Cell phones may be used for cheating on tests or quizzes
60. At some schools in Europe, _________.
A. students are not allowed to use their cell phones at school
B. most students take it serious to ban cell phones at school
C. students are allowed to use cell phones before or after class
D. most students are for the school rules for banning cell phones
61. The underlined word "Overall" in the last paragraph probably means __
A. On the whole B. As a result C. In addition D. On the contrary
62. We can infer that
A. Most parents are supporting their kids using cell phones in school
B. All students should be finuly forbidden to use cell phones in school
C. Students can obey the rule of no cell phones in school differently
D. Whether cell phone can be used at schools is still under argument
C
Relationships in general have gone downhill because of two factors: technology and our demanding drive for excitement.
Body language, especially eye contact, is very important to a relationship. With one glance we can tell the mood of a close friend, if they are happy or sad. Thus, visual contact has a major impact on the amount of understanding we have with another person and the amount of connection that can be achieved. However, when the telephone, email and message come into play, all of that human interaction is lost. We have increasingly less human contact and start lacking social skills because of a lack of communication.
Technology greatly influences our standpoint on how fast we think everything needs to be done. If you put a dollar in the soda machine, you expect the bottle to move forward and fall down to the bottom. You can' t count how many times you' ve smacked the machine if it went too slow for your expectations. You wanted instant results, immediate fulfillment.
Another shot against healthy relationships is everyone’s demanding need for excitement. Society in general has increased its expectations for excitement. Little kids spending time playing outside together now replace that with hours of playing video games alone at home. On the weekends we seize every minute with "exciting" activities, rushing from one to the next. The effect on relationships from all these activities is that they take on more concern and that we have no patience for each other. Gradually we distance ourselves from our loved ones.
63. According to the author, good relationship mainly relies on communicating __________.
A. voice-to-voice B. face-to-face C. letter-to-letter D. signal-to-signal
64. Which of the following is NOT true about the relationship going downhill? __________.
A. Visual contact is no longer commonly used in social connection
B. Technology makes us have less contact and lack social skills
C. We now pay much time and concern to "exciting" activities
D. The distance between us is gradually farther than before
65. The underlined word "smacked" in 3rd paragraph probably means ______.
A. clapped B. hit C. kicked D. pushed
66. What can be the best title of the passage?
A. Relationships and Technology B. Technology and Excitement
C. What Distance Our Relationships D. Gestures Affect Relationships
D
Do you like sitting on the edge of your seat? How about falling off it laughing? If so, “Rush Hour 2” is the perfect movie" for you. Although it didn' t get the best reviews, it is perfect for those who like a good comedy.
Just as in the first "Rush Hour," Inspector Lee (Jackie Chan) and LAPD Detective James Carter ( Chris Tucker) are partners. This time, they are on vacation in China and Carter is looking for a good time, but they are on the job again when a bombing at the American Embassy kills two customs agents. Lee and Carter go to look for a suspect named Ricky Tan. For Lee this is a serious case because Tan killed his father. Will Carter and Lee be able to capture Tan?
Another reason to see this movie perhaps is for the thrilling action, which includes karate fights with Jackie Chan. One of my favorite scenes shows Carter and Lee in a massage parlor (店堂) when everything goes crazy.
“Rush Hour 2” is, of course, really funny with Chris Tucker in the lead role. Chan and Tucker have many clever jokes and remarks. Some of the jokes aren’t enjoyed by the critics, but most will find them entertaining.
With no doubt, the movie was great. I was filled with anxiety about what was going to happen next. Many critics say that sequels (续集) are not as good as the original but this one is great. I especially enjoyed it because the special effects are minimal so everything looks as though it actually happened. The lighting effect is great as well as the sound.
So, if you are looking for a great action movie that leaves you at the edge of your seat and
makes you laugh quite a bit, you should rush to see “Rush Hour 2”.
67. According to the author, “Rush Hour 2” is a perfect movie particularly ________.
A. full of special effects B. with the best actors
C. full of humors D. with great lights
68. In “Rush Hour 2”, the two leading roles are on duty again because ___________.
A. their vocation in China is limited to a short term
B. inspector Lee doesn' t want to have a good time
C. the American Embassy in China was attacked
D. a suspect named Ricky Tan killed Lee' s father
69. In Rush Hour series, the following are usually included EXCEPT ____________.
A. thrilling actions B. maximal special effects
C. karate fights D. clever jokes and remarks
70. If “Rush Ho
全国100所名校单元测试示范卷·高三·生物卷（一）
全国100所名校单元测试示范卷高三生物卷〔四〕答案 1。C解析：在人体糖类代谢中。肝糖元在血糖浓度降低时可分解成葡萄糖进入血液以补充血糖浓度，肌糖元则不
[img]全国100所名校单元测试示范卷高三生物卷（1）答案--高考第一轮总复习用卷（新课标)江西金太阳教育研究所编
要是放到以前，我马上选出来，现在不好搞了，不会是D，这个有P。A选项有N。C选项有N和P.所以选B了。
啊，你要整套题的答案啊，那估计你是搞不到了，呵呵，真是比我还懒。还是好好学习吧。
高中生物仿真测试卷及答案解析
学问是异常珍贵的东西，从任何源泉吸收都不可耻。下面给大家分享一些关于高中生物仿真测试卷及答案解析，希望对大家有所帮助。
1.(2019·宁夏银川质检)下列对某些生命现象及其生物学意义的叙述，正确的是()
A.蓝藻能进行光合作用，与其具有叶绿体有关
B.主动运输使细胞膜内外物质浓度趋于一致，维持了细胞的正常代谢
C.森林中植物的垂直结构为动物创造了栖息空间和食物条件
D.胰岛B细胞分泌的胰高血糖素可促进肝糖原的分解，维持血糖稳定
答案C
解析 蓝藻是原核生物，无叶绿体，A错误;主动运输是逆浓度梯度的运输，一般用来维持细胞膜内外物质的浓度差，B错误;植物的垂直结构为动物创造了栖息空间和食物条件，C正确;胰高血糖素是由胰岛A细胞分泌的，D错误。
2.(2019·山东临沂二模)在细胞有氧呼吸过程中，2,4-二硝基苯酚(DNP)能抑制ATP的合成过程，但对水的生成没有影响。下列叙述正确的是()
A.DNP不会影响有氧呼吸的第一阶段
B.DNP主要在线粒体基质中发挥作用
C.DNP作用于肌细胞时，线粒体内膜上散失的热能将增加
D.DNP能抑制人体血液中葡萄糖进入红细胞，进而抑制细胞有氧呼吸过程
答案C
解析 有氧呼吸第一阶段能产生ATP，因此DNP会影响有氧呼吸第一阶段，A错误;根据题意，DNP主要在线粒体内膜中发挥作用，抑制有氧呼吸第三阶段中ATP的合成，B错误;根据题意，DNP作用于组织细胞时，使线粒体内膜的酶无法催化形成ATP，导致大部分能量以热能形式散失，故线粒体内膜上散失的热能将增加，C正确;葡萄糖进入红细胞的方式为协助扩散，不消耗ATP，故DNP对葡萄糖进入红细胞的过程无影响，且红细胞只进行无氧呼吸，D错误。
3.(2019·湖南娄底二模)植物对植食性动物和致病微生物的防御机制日益受到重视。研究发现：有一种热带灌木，当毛毛虫吃掉它的一片叶之后，便不再吃附近的叶片，而是咬食一定距离之外的叶片。有人推测“深度损伤的叶片可能向附近叶片发出某种化学信号”。下列说法错误的是()
A.致病微生物有可能是病毒、原核生物、真核生物
B.若此推测成立，接受到信号的叶片也可能合成了某种化学物质
C.该植物的这种防御机制是基因定向突变的结果
D.摘除刚被咬食的叶片，观察毛毛虫是否“舍近求远”可用于检验此推测
答案C
解析 致病微生物包括病毒、细菌(原核生物)、真菌(真核生物)等，A正确;接受信息的植物细胞产生相应的生理反应，可能是合成了某种化学物质，B正确;基因突变是不定向的，生物的适应性特征是自然选择的结果，C错误;摘除刚被咬食的叶片，切断被咬食叶片与相邻叶片的联系，形成对照，可用于验证推测，D正确。
4.某种生活在我国北方的蚜虫通过吸食落叶乔木幼嫩枝叶的汁水来生活，如图为不同月份对蚜虫种群数量的影响。食蚜蝇与瓢虫以蚜虫为食，蚂蚁从蚜虫处获得蜜露，并赶走食蚜蝇和瓢虫。下列说法错误的是()
A.图中数学模型的数据来自样 方法
B.6月份之前蚜虫种群的生活环境阻力很小
C.蚜虫种群数量迅速下降的主要原因是天敌增多
D.题述生物之间存在着4种.种间关系
答案C
解析 蚜虫的活动范围很小，可采用样方法调查其种群密度，因此题图中数学模型的数据来自样方法，A正确;6月份之前，蚜虫的个体数急剧增加，说明其种群生活的环境阻力很小，B正确;已知生活在我国北方的蚜虫通过吸食落叶乔木幼嫩枝叶的汁水来生活，6月份之后因乔木的幼嫩枝叶很少，蚜虫因缺乏食物来源而导致其种群数量迅速下降，C错误;依题意可知，蚜虫与乔木之间存在寄生关系，食蚜蝇与瓢虫之间存在竞争关系，食蚜蝇与蚜虫、瓢虫与蚜虫之间存在捕食关系，蚂蚁与蚜虫之间存在互利共生关系，D正确。
5.(2019·厦门质检)下图表示利用大肠杆菌探究DNA复制方式的实验，下列叙述正确的是()
A.可用噬菌体代替大肠杆菌进行上述实验
B.可用(NH4)SO4、(NH4)SO4分别代替15NH4Cl、14NH4Cl进行上述实验
C.试管③中b带的DNA的两条链均含有14N
D.仅比较试管②和③的结果不能证明DNA的复制方式为半保留复制
答案D
解析 噬菌体是病毒，不能用普通培养基培养，因此不能用噬菌体代替大肠杆菌进行上述实验，A错误;S不是DNA的特征元素，因此不能用含有标记S的化合物代替15NH4Cl、14NH4Cl进行上述实验，B错误;试管③中a带的DNA的两条链均含有14N，而b带的DNA的一条链含有14N、一条链含有15N，C错误;仅比较试管②和③的结果不能证明DNA的复制方式为半保留复制，D正确。
6.某种动物(2n=6)的基因型为AaBbRrXTY，其中A、B基因位于同一条常染色体上，R、r基因位于另一对常染色体上。该动物的一个精原细胞经减数分裂产生甲、乙、丙、丁四个精细胞，甲和乙来自一个次级精母细胞，丙和丁来自另一个次级精母细胞。其中甲的基因型为AbRXTY，不考虑基因突变和染色体结构变异，下列判断正确的是()
A.甲含5条染色体
B.乙的基因型为AbRXTY
C.丙含2条常染色体
D.丁的基因型不是aBr就是ABr
答案C
解析 某种动物(2n=6)的基因型为AaBbRrXTY，由于A、B基因位于同一条常染色体上，且甲的基因型为AbRXTY，则该动物减数分裂过程中，发生了同源染色体之间非姐妹染色单体的交叉互换。若A与a发生交叉互换，则产生的两个次级精母细胞的基因型为AabbRRXTXTYY、AaBBrr，继续进行减数第二次分裂，前者产生甲(AbRXTY)和乙(abRXTY)，后者产生丙和丁，即aBr、ABr;若B与b发生交叉互换，则产生的两个次级精母细胞的基因型为AABbRRXTXTYY、aaBbrr，继续进行减数第二次分裂，前者产生甲(AbRXTY)和乙(ABRXTY)，后者产生丙和丁，即aBr、abr。由于A、B基因位于同一条常染色体上，且甲的基因型为AbRXTY，则甲的形成发生了染色体数目的变异，其含4条染色体，A错误;乙的基因型为ABRXTY或abRXTY，B错误;丙的基因型为aBr或ABr或abr，其含2条常染色体，C正确;丁的基因型为aBr或ABr或abr，D错误。
7.(2019·河南洛阳二模)CO2是生物体及生态环境中的重要化合物，回答下列相关问题：
(1)人体细胞中CO2的产生场所是______________。
(2)植物的CO2补偿点是指由于CO2的限制，光合速率与呼吸速率相等时环境中的CO2浓度。已知甲 种植 物的CO2补偿点大于乙种植物，将正常生长的甲、乙两种植物放置在同一密闭小室中，在适宜光照等条件下培养。当甲种植物净光合速率为0时，乙种植物净光合速率________(填“大于”“等于”或“小于”) 0。若适当降低光照强度，甲植物的CO2补偿点将变______(填“大”或“小”)，原因是_____________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________。
(3)CO2是生命活动的调节因子。与神经调节相比，CO2参与的调节方式在作用途径和作用时间上的特点是__________________________。
(4)CO2是生物群落与无机环境之间碳循环的主要形式，但人类对____________________的过度开发利用会打破生物圈中碳循环的平衡。
答案(1)线粒体基质 (2)大于 大 原CO2补偿点是在适宜光照强度下测得的，因此适当降低光照强度后，光合速率下降，需要提高环境中CO2浓度才能使光合速率与呼吸速率相等
(3)作用途径需要体液运输，作用时间比较长 (4)煤、石油等化石燃料
解析 (1)人体细胞有氧呼吸产物为CO2和H2O，无氧呼吸产物为乳酸，因此只有有氧呼吸才能产生CO2，产生CO2的生理过程是有氧呼吸第二阶段，场所是线粒体基质。
(2)将正常生长的甲、乙两种植物放置在同一密闭小室中，在适宜光照等条件下培养。已知甲种植物的CO2补偿点大于乙种植物的，因此当甲种植物净光合速率为0时(即到达CO2补偿点时)，乙种植物已经超过CO2补偿点，因此其净光合速率大于0。若适当降低光照强度，甲植物的光合速率下降，需要提高环境中CO2浓度才能使光合速率与呼吸速率相等，因此甲植物的CO2补偿点将变大。
(3)CO2参与的调节方式为体液调节，体液调节和神经调节相比，作用途径需要体液运输，作用时间比较长。
(4)生物群落与无机环境之间碳循环的主要形式是CO2，但人类过度开发利用煤、石油等化石燃料，使地层中经过千百万年而积存的碳元素在很短的时间内释放出来，会打破生物圈中碳循环的平衡。
8.(2019·广西八市4月联合调研)2018年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予了发现癌细胞免疫疗法的詹姆斯·艾利森和本庶佑。詹姆斯·艾利森在小鼠实验中发现，T细胞上的CTLA-4蛋白能阻止T细胞攻击癌细胞，因此，这个蛋白被称作“刹车分子”，只要使用CTLA-4抗体抑制CTLA-4蛋白，就能激活T细胞，使T细胞持续攻击癌细胞。回答下列问题：
(1)T细胞攻击癌细胞的过程中，癌细胞表面的抗原刺激T细胞增殖分化形成______________，该细胞与癌细胞密切接触，使其裂解死亡。这一过程体现了免疫系统的_______________功能。
(2)CTLA-4抗体抑制CTLA-4蛋白，该过程属于特异性免疫反应中的________免疫过程，能产生该抗体的是______细胞。
(3)机体在对抗癌细胞时，由于CTLA-4的“刹车”作用，免疫细胞不能发挥最大的战斗力。若用药物解除CTLA-4的“刹车”作用，可让免疫细胞全力攻击癌细胞，但可能会引起机体患自身免疫病，其原因是_________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________。
答案(1)效应T细胞 监控和清除 (2)体液 浆 (3)若用药物解除CTLA- 4的“刹车”作用，免疫细胞变得过度活跃，可能攻击正常的体细胞而引起机体患自身免疫病
解析 (1)T细胞受到抗原刺激，使其增殖分化形成效应T细胞;效应T细胞与癌细胞密切接触，使其裂解死亡，体现了免疫系统的监控和清除功能。(2)抗体发挥作用的过程属于体液免疫过程，抗体由浆细胞合成并分泌。(3)若用药物解除CTLA- 4的“刹车”作用，免疫细胞变得过度活跃，可能攻击正常的体细胞而引起机体患自身免疫病。
9.(2019·陕西省高三质检)朱鹮有“东方宝石”之称，曾一度濒临灭绝。为了拯救野生朱鹮，我国各级政府和机构采取了一系列 措施 ，使我国野生朱鹮的种群数量由1981年的7只发展到2016年的2 200多只。回答下列问题：
(1)在食物和空间条件充裕、没有天敌的理想条件下，朱鹮种群的增长曲线呈“________”型。导致野生朱鹮大量减少的原因有________________________等。对朱鹮最有效的保护措施是____________。
(2)某同学为了调查某区域内朱鹮和红腹锦鸡的种群密度，在该区域内随机设置了若干捕鸟网。捕获结果统计如下表：
该区域朱鹮大约有______只，由于标记的个体被再次捕获的概率变小，所以计算的结果______(填“偏大”“偏小”或“不变”)。
(3)某种细菌寄生在朱鹮体内，科研工作者发现该种细菌每20分钟繁殖一代，若该细菌初始数量为N0个，则3小时后该细菌数量用数学模型可表示为______________________________。
答案(1)J 环境污染、食物短缺和栖息地的缩小 就地保护(或建立自然保护区)(2)322 偏大 (3)N9=N0×29个
解析 (1)在没有天敌、食物和空间条件充裕的理想条件下，朱鹮种群的增长速率一直不变，种群数量呈“J”型增长;导致野生朱鹮大量减少的原因有环境污染、食物短缺和栖息地的缩小等，对其进行保护的最有效的措施是就地保护，即建立自然保护区。
(2)调查朱鹮和红腹锦鸡的种群密度，需要使用标志重捕法，种群总数=(标记个体数×重捕个体数)÷重捕中标记个体数，所以该区域朱鹮大约有(46×42)÷6=322(只)，由于标记的个体被再次捕获的概率变小，所以计算的结果偏大。
(3)已知该种细菌每20分钟繁殖一代，且该细菌初始数量为N0个，则3个小时一共繁殖了60÷20×3=9(次)，因此3小时后该细菌数量用数学模型可表示为N9=N0×29(个)。
10.(2019·重庆南开中学高三4月模拟)在栽培某种农作物(2n=42)的过程中，有时会发现单体植株(2n-1)，例如有一种单体植株就比正常植株缺少一条6号染色体，称为6号单体植株。
(1)6号单体植株的变异类型为______________，该植株的形成是因为亲代中的一方在减数分裂过程中__________________________未分离。
(2)科研人员利用 6 号单体植株进行杂交实验， 结果如下表所示：
单体♀在减数分裂时，形成的n-1型配子__________(填“多于”“等于”或“少于”)n型配子，这是因为6号染色体在减数第一次分裂过程中因无法________而丢失。
(3)现有该作物的两个品种，甲品种抗病但其他性状较差(抗病基因 R 位于 6 号染色体上)，乙品种不抗病但其他性状优良， 为获得抗病且其他性状优良的品种，理想的育种方案是以乙品种6号单体植株为________(填“父本”或“母本”)与甲品种杂交，在其后代中选出单体，再连续多代与______________杂交，每次均选择抗病且其他性状优良的单体植株，最后使该单体______，在后代中即可挑选出 RR 型且其他性状优良的新品种。
答案(1)染色体变异(或染色体数目变异)6号染色体的同源染色体或姐妹染色单体 (2)多于 联会 配对 (形成四分体)(3)母本 乙品种6号单体 自交
解析 (1)6号单体植株比正常植株缺少一条6号染色体，故6号单体植株的变异类型为染色体数目变异，该植株的形成是因为亲代中的一方在减数分裂过程中6号染色体的同源染色体或姐妹染色单体未分离。
(2)据表格可知，6号单体♀和正常二倍体♂的子代中，单体占75%，正常二倍体占25%，故可知单体♀在减数分裂时，形成的n-1型配子多于n型配子，这是因为6号染色体在减数第一次分裂过程中因无法联会配对而丢失。
(3)通过杂交育种的方法可以将优良性状集中到一个个体上，理想的育种方案是根据(2)中分析可知，单体♀在减数分裂时，形成的n-1型配子多于n型配子，n-1型雄配子育性很低，则应以乙品种6号单体植株为母本与甲品种杂交，在其后代中选出单体，再连续多代与乙品种6号单体杂交，每次均选择抗病且其他性状优良的单体植株，最后使该单体自交，在后代中即可挑选出RR型且其他性状优良的新品种。
【从11、12题中任选一题解答】
11.[生物技术实践](2019·山东青岛质检)某化工厂的污水池中，含有一种有害的、难降解的有机化合物A。研究人员用化合物A、磷酸盐、镁盐等配制的培养基，成功地筛选到能高效降解化合物A的细菌(目的菌)。请分析回答下列问题：
(1)该培养基只允许分解化合物A的细菌生长，这种培养基称为________培养基。该培养基在接种前应该用______________法灭菌。
(2)对初步筛选得到的目的菌进行纯化并计数，常采用的接种方法是____________________，在接种前，随机取若干灭菌后的空白平板先行培养一段时间，这样做的目的是_____________。
(3)将1 mL水样稀释100倍，在3个平板上用涂布法分别接入0.1 mL稀释液;经适当培养后，3个平板上的菌落数分别为51、50和49，据此可得出每升水样中的活菌数为____________个，实际上每升溶液中的活菌数比通过统计所得的这一数值要大，因为____________________
_______________________________________________________________________________。
(4)若用固定化酶技术固定目的菌中催化化合物A降解的酶，和一般酶制剂相比，其优点是____________，且利于产物的纯化;固定化目的菌细胞常用________法固定化。
答案(1)选择 高压蒸汽灭菌 (2)稀释涂布平板法 检测培养基平板灭菌是否合格 (3)5.0×107 统计结果是用菌落数来表示的，当两个或多个细菌连在一起时平板上观察到的只是一个菌落 (4)可重复利用 包埋
解析 (1)培养基中通过添加特定成分只允许分解化合物A的细菌生存，故为选择培养基。对培养基常采用高压蒸汽灭菌法进行灭菌。
(2)可以进行计数的接种方法是稀释涂布平板法，在接种前，随机取若干灭菌后的空白平板先行培养一段时间，可以检测培养基平板灭菌是否合格。
(3)每升水样中的活菌数=(51+50+49)÷3÷0.1×100×103=5.0×107(个)。利用稀释涂布平板法进行计数，由于两个或多个细菌连在一起时，平板上观察到的是一个菌落，故会导致统计结果比实际偏低。
(4)一般的酶制剂容易受环境影响而失活，且不能回收利用，反应后混在产物中，还会影响产品质量;而固定化酶可以反复利用，且有利于产物的纯化。细胞体积较大，常用包埋法固定化。
12.[现代生物科技专题](2019·山东青岛质检)长春花是原产于非洲东海岸的野生花卉，其所含的长春碱具有良好的抗肿瘤作用。基因tms的编码产物能促进生长素的合成，科研人员利用基因tms构建重组Ti质粒，对愈伤组织进行遗传改造，解决了长春碱供不应求的问题，操作流程如下。请回答下列问题：
(1)过程①是指________，过程②多采用的方法是______________。
(2)若从基因文库中获得基因tms，则从______________(填“基因组文库”或“cDNA文库”)中获取的基因含有启动子，启动子的功能是______________________。作为载体的Ti质粒应含有____________，用以筛选含目的基因的细胞。
(3)用PCR技术扩增目的基因，含有目的基因的DNA受热变性后解旋为单链，________与单链相应互补序列结合，然后在Taq酶的作用下延伸，如此重复循环。
(4)长春碱杀死癌细胞的同时对正常细胞也有毒害作用，为降低长春碱对正常细胞的毒性，可以利用__________制备技术制成“生物导弹”进行靶向治疗。
答案(1)脱分化 农杆菌转化法 (2)基因组文库 驱动目的基因转录出mRNA 标记基因 (3)引物 (4)单克隆抗体
解析 (1)外植体通过①脱分化形成愈伤组织，②把目的基因导入植物细胞常用农杆菌转化法。
(2)cDNA文库是利用RNA反转录形成的，从中获取的基因不含启动子，而从基因组文库中获取的基因中含启动子。启动子是RNA聚合酶结合的位点，启动转录过程。载体需要含有标记基因，可以用于筛选含目的基因的细胞。
(3)PCR技术扩增的过程为：第一步高温变性，打开双链;第二步退火，让引物与模板链结合;第三步进行子链的延伸。该过程需要耐高温的Taq酶参与。
(4)单克隆抗体特异性强，可以识别特定的抗原，故可以制成“生物导弹”，把长春碱定向运输到肿瘤部位杀死癌细胞，可以降低长春碱对正常细胞的毒性。
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★ 高中生物必修三试卷及答案
合肥168中学
合肥一六八中学创办于2002年，隶属合肥市教育局，是一所现代化寄宿制完全中学。合肥一六八中学位于国家级开发区——合肥经济技术开发区内，占地300亩，投资近2亿元。校园环境优美，建筑布局错落有致，风格独特。教育教学及生活设施一流，建有教学楼、实验楼 校园风光(16张)、行政图书信息中心、艺术会堂、体育馆、学生公寓、标准运动场等。学校占地300亩，投资近2亿元。校园环境优美，布局合理，设施完备，是莘莘学子理想的学习殿堂。现有105个教学班，在校生5800余人。学校校园环境优美，布局合理，设施完备，理念先进，管理科学，质量优秀，已成为安徽基础教育苑里的一朵绚丽奇葩。 学校奉行“学校以学生为本，校长以教师为本，崇尚协作，崇尚创新，效率为先，质量第一，人际和谐，使师、生、校全面提升”的理念，整体师资力量雄厚。学校师资力量雄厚，398名教职工，现有专任教师256人，均为年富力强的中青年教师，其中高级教师56人，教育硕士6名，特级教师1人，有一批国家级、省市级优秀教师以及国家级、省市级优秀班主任，另有数十位市级以上骨干教师、教学能手、教坛新星。教师学历达标率为100%。 学校坚持科学发展观，全面贯彻党的教育方针，在“立足于升学预备教育，着眼于学生终身可持续发展”办学理念的指导下，大处着眼，小处着手，大力转变教育思想，努力提升办学品位，坚持走内涵发展之路，激活了自主创新欲望，激发了文化创造活力，推进了学校科学和谐发展。 学校以“实行全面可持续发展能力教育”为办学宗旨，以“以诚以坚、择善而行”为校训，建立起“分层教学、分层考试、分层评价”的教学机制，全面实施素质教育。努力打造高标准的硬件设施，建设高水平的教师队伍，营造高品位的校园环境，构建符合寄宿制特色的教育教学管理模式，逐步形成了浓郁的学风、醇厚的教风和文明的校风，取得了高质量的教学效果，赢得了社会的广泛认可。学校办学三年来，教育教学获得了很大的成功，在安徽省毕业会考和合肥市统考中均名列市属学校前茅，师生参加的各项比赛均取得了优秀的成绩。学校管理科学规范，成绩斐然。先后获得教育部“依法治校示范校”、“北京2008奥林匹克教育示范校”、“汉语国际推广中小学基地”、“安徽省体育专项特色学校”、“安徽省花园式单位”、“合肥市平安校园”、“合肥市绿色学校”、“合肥市花园单位”、“合肥市花园学校”、“合肥市卫生先进单位””、“合肥市维护社会稳定工作先进单位”、“合肥市德育工作先进单位”、“廉政文化建设示范单位”、“五四红旗团委”、等多项殊荣。 学校先进的办学理念和前瞻性的教育创新，使大批优秀学生脱颖而出。一六八中学素质教育的舞台上群星灿烂，光彩夺目。近年来，300多名学生以其杰出的创造力和优异的成绩在数、理、化、生奥赛、国际模拟联合国比赛、省航模比赛、科技创新大赛等各类竞赛中取得了令人瞩目的成绩,其获奖级别之高、数量之多、科类之全，均位居安徽省前列。2010年，夺取全国机器人大赛获国家金奖，填补了安徽省此项奖励空白。自2005年首届高考取得杰出成绩后，学校连续七年荣获合肥市“普通高中教学质量综合评价一等奖”，五年间，共有4100余名学生进入高校深造，为北大、清华等全国一流高校输送数百名优秀学子， 2009年陈硕嵩摘取安徽省理科状元、李梦炜喜登中国科大少年班招生考试榜首；2011年高考升学率居全市榜首，全省高考文理科前50名中，一六八中学各占据五席。合肥市高考文理科前十名中，一六八中学学生共占八席。今年，学校荣获北京大学“中学校长实名制推荐”资质。学校还培养出140余名国家级、省级竞赛优胜者；几十名学生在省市级以上艺术、体育竞赛中获得奖励。 合肥一六八中学 学校坚持开放办学，努力开展多种形式的国际交流与合作。学校与美国哥伦布学校、澳大利亚北湖中学、韩国公州高中等学校结成友好学校，在韩国公州高中等学校设立了孔子学堂；先后接待了来自美国、英国、加拿大、澳大利亚、韩国、日本、新加坡等国多批教育界考察团来校参观、访问；选派40余名教师到国外考察培训，组织6批100余名学生到国外游学；聘请澳大利亚、英国等国12教师到校任教，邀请诺贝尔奖获得者巴里·马歇尔等多名国际知名教授来该校讲学。 符合优质教育发展方向的办学体制和灵活的运行机制，为合肥一六八中学创办“品牌学校”注入了无限生机和活力。合肥一六八中学正与时俱进，以更新的理念，更快的节奏，更实的作风，朝着国家级示范学校的既定目标而努力奋斗。
一道高三生物题
C，生物性状遗传方式的判断，首先是区分生物性状遗传是细胞质遗传还是细胞核遗传，方法是通过正交和反交实验来判断。如果正交和反交实验结果性状一致且无性别上的不同，则该生物性状属于细胞核遗传中常染色体遗传；如果正交和反交实验结果不一致且有性别上的不同，则该生物性状属于细胞核遗传中性染色体遗传；如果正交和反交实验结果不一致且具有母系遗传的特点，则该生物性状属于细胞质遗传。
A，如果生的是儿子，来自母亲的X染色体上的基因数量，要比来自父亲的Y染色体上的基因，多出一千多个，对儿子的影响更大，色盲、血友病的遗传只是众所周知的明显例子。
B，如果XY有等位基因，Y的隐性基因就不会在子一代雄性个体中表现。
D，会遗传给下一代，例如用秋水仙素导致染色体加倍，会传给下一代。
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