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人教版八年级上英语测试卷及答案
读书，使人思维活跃，聪疑智慧;读书，使人豁然贯通，柳暗花明;读书，使人博学多识，学富五车;读书，使人无忧无虑，回味无穷;读书，使人思想查上翅膀，感情淀放花蕾。下面给大家分享一些关于人教版 八年级 上英语测试卷及答案，希望对大家有所帮助。
一、听力部分(满分20分)
Ⅰ.听 句子 ，选择你所听到的单词或 短语 。每个句子读一遍。(每小题1分，满分5分)
1. A. visiting B. resting C. making
2. A. waiting B. playing C. staying
3. A. vacation B. weeks C. invitations
4. A. phone B. show C. snow
5. A. thinking of B. knowing about C. thinking about
Ⅱ.听对话，选择答案。每段对话读两遍。(每小题1分，满分5分)
6. Where is Tom going for vacation?
A. Shanghai. B. England. C. Italy.
7. What’s Jane doing tomorrow?
A. She is babysitting her sister.
B. She is playing basketball.
C. She is going sightseeing.
8. When is John going camping?
A. Next week. B. Next month. C. Next Sunday.
9. How long is Mary staying in Hawaii?
A. For two weeks. B. For three weeks. C. For three days.
10.How is the weather in Beijing?
A. Yes, it is. B. No, it isn’t. C. It’s cold.
Ⅲ.听对话，选择答案。对话读两遍。(每小题1分，满分5分)
听第一段对话，回答第11至12小题。
11. What will the boy do tonight?
A. Do his homework. B. Watch TV. C. Go to a birthday party.
12. What will the boy take?
A. Some flowers. B. A notebook. C. Some CDs.
听第二段对话，回答第13至15小题。
13. How was Jack’s vacation?
A. It was interesting. B. Not very good. C. It was exciting.
14. What did Jack do during the vacation?
A. He helped his pa rents. B. He played computer games.
C. He did his homework.
15. What was the weather like in Beijing?
A. It was very cold. B. It was very cool. C. It was very warm.
Ⅳ.听短文，完成表格。短文读两遍。(每小题1分，满分5分)
Reasons why hiking is popular
General reasons It’s 16 and 17 .
Reason 1 It’s good 18 that improves people’s health without hurting you.
Reason 2 It’s simple and 19 .
Reason 3 It’s the best way to get away from your everyday 20 .
二、笔试部分(满分80分)
Ⅰ.单项填空(每小题1分，满分10分)
21. —You’ll be relaxed when you return from your vacation. —
A. You’re right. B. I hope so. C. All right. D. I hope not.
22. —What are you going to give your mother for her birthday?
—I’m not sure. But I’ll buy her .
A. something special B. anything special C. special something D. special anything
23. —When is he leaving for Beijing? —He’s leaving the 11th.
A. in B. at C. of D. on
24. Oh, I forgot my ruler with me. Can I use yours?
A. bring B. brought C. to bring D. bringing
25. —Where are you going?
—I’m going to Pairs a week.
A. to B. on C. for D. at
26. — are they staying?
—Two days.
A. How many B. How often C. How long D. When
27. When you take a vacation，you must take enough money you.
A. in B. from C. for D. with
28. It’s hot outside. Please a sunhat you.
A. take; to B. bring; to C. bring; with D. take; with
29. —What are you doing for vacation?
—I am time with my grandparents.
A. visiting B. staying C. taking D. spending
30. —I am playing soccer this afternoon.
—I’m visiting my grandparents.
A. Where are you going? B. How about you?
C. It’s great. D. That sounds interesting.
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分10分)
The summer vacation is the best time for students. They can go outdoors and have fun. They can go to big cities to 31 , or go to the countryside to enjoy the bea uty of 32 .
Peter is an American middle school student and he loves 33 very much. He always travels in his country.
This summer vacation he wants to do 34 . He is interested in Chinese history. 35 he is flying to Beijing and Xi’an for the summer vacation. He is leaving on July 12th and 36 New York on the last day of the month. He plans 37 a fantastic vacation. During the 38 , he is visiting places of interest and going shoppi ng. At night, he is 39 to enjoy the night views. He is sure he will have a 40 time.
31. A. watch TV B. exercising C. go sightseeing D. go fishing
32. A. buildings B. city C. farm D. nature
33. A. travelling B. shopping C. fishing D. hiking
34. A. something difference B. different something
C. something different D. difference something
35. A. Because B. So C. But D. Although
36. A. getting back to B. get back to C. getting back D. gets back to
37. A. having B. to have C. to having D. had
38. A. weekend B. week C. night D. day
39. A. take a walk B. taking walks C. takes a walk D. take walks
40. A. great B. well C. terrible D. boring
Ⅲ.阅读理解(每小题2分，满分20分)
A
What do we do when we go camping? First, we make a plan. We take food, clothing, a knife, and things for cooking and eating. We take things to keep us away from insects and the sun.
Then we put everything into the car and we drive to the woods. We look for a place for campers(露营者) and we look for a good place for our tent(帐篷). The place should have a lot of moving air. This will keep some insects away. High land with water on both sides of it is good. Then we put up our tent. We put everything into the tent, and we are ready for fun. We can swim in the lake, walk in the woods, climb a mountain, row a boat, or go fishing.
In the evening we come back to the tent, and we build a big fire because it can keep the insects away. We sit around the fire and talk. We may tell interesting stories or we may sing songs.
At night we lie down on the grass. We can look up at the stars. It is a busy day, so we try to go to sleep early.
Everything is dark. Everything is quiet. We hope we won’t hear music from the radio in the next tent. We hope it won’t rain.
41. Before going camping we should first ______.
A. make a plan B. take some food
C. take things to keep us warm D. take somethin g for cooking and eating
42. We go to camp ______.
A. by bus B. by car C. by bike D. on foot
43. Campers can take part in ______ activities.
A. one or two B. only a few C. ma ny D. two or three
44. In the evening we build a fire because ______.
A. it is cold at night B. it can keep us warm
C. it can keep the insects away D. it is dark and quiet
45. Campers like to ______ at night.
A. hear music from the radio B. go to sleep early
C. have rain D. be busy
B
The westerners have more vacation days than us.
Some people like to stay at home during their vacation. They work in the garden, visit their friends, read books or watch television. Many families take their lunch to a park or somewhere far from the city. They like to eat under some trees or near a nice lake. If they live near the sea, they often go to the seaside. There they can fish, swim or enjoy the sun.
The westerners like travelling. They think travelling and outdoor activities are the parts of their lives. They work hard to save money, but their main purpose(目的) is to travel.
Most western students often make use of their vacation to camp. There are thousands of camp interesting bases(基地) in western countries. They can swim, go fishing, attend lectures, and take part in many other recreational(娱乐性的) activities there. It can help them wrest from the secrets of nature, train(训练) their viability(生存能力), and teach them how to be self-reliant (自立).
46. Some westerners like to ______ at home during their vacation.
A. clean their rooms B. cook their meals
C. work in the garden and watch TV D. go fishing
47. Many families often take their lunch out and have it ______.
A. under some trees B. near the city C. near the sea D. in the restaurants (餐馆)
48. ______ is very important for the westerners.
A. Working hard B. Travelling C. Saving money D. Going camping
49. What does the underlined phrase “wrest from” mean here?
A.取得 B.保守 C.认识 D.探索
50. The passage mainly tells us ______.
A. how the westerners spend their vacation
B. the westerners have more vacation days than us
C. different views on vacation between the westerners and the easterners
D. teach the western students how to be self-reliant
IV.任务型阅读 (每小题1分，共5分)
John’s family is going on vacation next week. They’re renting a house in the mountain for a week. John plans to have a relaxing time. He’s taking some books because he wants to read. He’s going hiking and bike riding. John is going to the mountains on Monday, and coming home on Friday. He’s going to a party on Saturday night.
John’s mother is going on Monday, too. She’s staying all week and coming home on Sunday. She plans to take walks with her husband in the beautiful countryside.
John’s father is working on Monday and Tuesday, so he can’t be in the mountains then. He’s going on Wednesday morning. He plans to go fishing, and he’s coming home with John’s mother.
John’s sister is staying at home. She’s taking classes this summer and visiting friends.
根据短文内容把对应的时间填入表格中。
Going to the mountains Coming home
John On Monday 51.______
John’s mother 52.______ 53.______
John’s father 54.______ 55.______
Ⅴ.完成句子(每小题2分，共10分)
56. 这个周末我将去钓鱼。
I’m ______ ______ this weekend.
57. 我的叔叔现在正在巴黎度假。
My uncle is ______ ______ ______ in Paris.
58. 假期你要做什么?
What ______ you ______ ______ ______?
59. 我太累了，确实需要放松一下。
I’m ______ ______. I really need ______ ______.
60. 那听起来很有趣。祝你过得愉快。
That ______ ______ ______. Have a ______ ______.
Ⅵ.用括号里所给单词的适当形式填空(每小题1分，满分5分)
61. Let’s go (hike) this weekend.
62. Look! The boys ________(play) soccer on the playground (操场).
63. Lucy ________(go) shopping twice a month.
64. Mom, can I go bike ________(ride) with my classmates?
65. Yesterday I ________(spend) two hours in washing my clothes.
Ⅶ.句型转换(每小题1分，满分5分)
66. Mike’s going to Hawaii on August 3rd. (改为一般疑问句)
________Mike _______ _______ Hawaii on August 3rd?
67. Dave is studying for the math test this weekend. (对画线部分提问)
_______ ________ Dave ________ this weekend?
68. I’m going there with my grandfather. (对画线部分提问)
_______ ________ you ________ _______ _______?
69. How’s the weather there? (改为同义句)
______ the weather ______ there?
70. Show me your ID card. (改为同义句)
Show ________ __________ __________ __________ __________.
VIII.书面表达(满分15分)
根据下列表格内容写一篇短文，介绍你的周末计划, 不少于60词。
when activities
Saturday morning go bike riding
afternoon go fishing
evening go to the movies
Sunday all the day go sightseeing
evening rest
________________________ ______________________________________________________
1～5 ACABC 6～10 CAABC 11～15 CABCA 16. healthy 17. relaxing
18. exercise 19. cheap 20. life
二、笔试部分
Ⅰ. 21. B I hope so“希望如此”。
22. A 形容词修饰不定代词时，形容词常放在它的后面，something常用在肯定句中。
23. D 在具体的某一天用介词o n。
24. C forget to do sth.忘记去做某事; forget doing sth.忘记做过了某事。
25. C 句意：“你将去哪儿?”“我将去巴黎一周。”这里for a week表示一段时间，故选C。
26. C 由two days表示一段时间可知，应用how long提问。
27. D 考查take sth. with sb.结构，意为“随身携带某物”。
28. D take…with表示 “随身携带……”。
29. D 句意：“你假期准备干什么?”“我准备和我的爷爷奶奶一起度过。”visit意为“参观; 拜访 ”;stay意为“停留”;take意为“拿走，取走”;spend意为“度过”。根据句意选D。
30. B 句意：“我今天下午打算踢足 球，你呢?”“我准备去看望我的爷爷奶奶。”How about you?意为“你呢?”。根据句意选B。
Ⅱ. 31. C 由go to big cities可知去大城市的目的是观光，而不是“看电视”“锻炼”或“去钓鱼”。go sightseeing意为“观光”，所以选C。
32. D 由go to the countryside可知应选nature，意为“自然，自然界”。
33. A 由He always travels in his country.可知选A。
34. C difference是名词，而different为形容词，形容词different修饰不定代词应该放在不定代词的后边，故选C。
35. B 由He is interested in Chinese history.和下文he is flying to Beijing and Xi’an可知前后句是因果关系，故选B。
36. A get back意为“回来”，后跟宾语时要加to，由He is leaving on July 12th…可知，get要用-ing形式，故选A。
37. B plan to do sth.“计划做某事”，plan后接动词不定式，故选B。
38. D 由下文At night…可知选与之相对的“在白天”。
39. B take a walk和take walks都为“散步”之意。但根据he is…可知take要用现在分词 形式。
40. A 由上下文可知应是“玩得愉快”，have a great time意为“玩得很愉快”，
故选A。
Ⅲ. 41. A 由第一段第二句First, we make a plan.可知选A。
42. B 由第二段第一句Then we put everything into the car and we drive to the woods.可知是开车去 野营 的，故选B。
43. C 由第二段末尾We can swim in the lake, walk in the woods, climb a mountain, row a boat, or go fishing.和第三段末尾We may tell interesting stories or we may sing songs.可知野营活动丰富多彩。
44. C 第三段的第一句In the evening we come back to the tent, and we build a big fire because it can keep the insects away.可知生火可以驱走昆虫，故答案选C。
45. B 由第四段最后一句It is a busy day, so we try to go to sleep early.可知答案选B。
46. C 根据第二段第一、二句Some people like to stay at home during their vacation. They work in the garden, visit their friends, read books or watch television.可知选C。
47. A 根据第二段第四句They like to eat under some trees or near a nice lake.可知“他们喜欢在树下或在美丽的湖边吃饭”。故选A。
48. B 根据第三段最后一句They work hard to save money, but their main purpose is to travel.可排除A、C、D三项，而选B。
49. D 由下文的“自然的秘密”和“训练他们的生存能力”可推测出“这可以帮助他们探索自然的秘密……”，故选D。
50. A 短文主要介绍了西方人是如何度假的。故选A。
IV.51. On Friday 由第一段中的John is going to the mountains on Monday, and coming home on Friday.可知答案。
52. On Monday 由第二段第一句John’s mother is going on Monday, too.可知 答案。
53. On Sunday 由第二段第二句She’s staying all week and coming home on Sunday.可知答案。
54. On Wednesday morning 由第三段第二句He’s going on Wednesday morning.可知答案。
55. On Sunday 由第三段最后一句He plans to go fishing, and he’s coming home with John’ s mother. 可知答案。
Ⅴ. 56. going fishing 57. taking his vacation 58. are, doing for vacation 59. too tired, to relax
60. sounds very interesting, good time
Ⅵ. 61. hiking 62. are playing 63. goes 64. riding 65. spent
Ⅶ. 66.Is, going to 67. What is, doing 68. Who are, going there with 69. What’s, like
70. your ID card to me
VIII.One possible version:
I am going to have fun this weekend. On Saturday morning I’m going bike riding with my best friend. In the afternoon I’m going fishing with my father. I like fishing very much. And in the evening, I’m going to the movies with my family. We’re going to watch a comedy. I think it’s very interestin g. Then on Sunday, I am going sightseeing in our city all the day. Maybe it can help me know much about our city. And on Sunday evening I’m going to have a rest, because I’m going to school the next day. A great vacation! I can’t wait!
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[img]八年级语文上册第二周周测试卷
一、选择题(36分)
1、下列各组加点字注音都正确的一项是( )(4分)
A、豁(huò)然 淤(yū)泥 衣褶(zhé) 壬戌(wù)
B、俨(yǎn)然 甚蕃(fān) 亵(xiè)玩 垂髫(tiáo)
C、间(jiàn)隔 矫(jiǎo)首 器皿(mǐn) 篆(zhuàn)文
D、阡(qiān)陌 与(yǔ)能 郡(jùn)下 遂(suì)迷
2、下列字形完全正确的一组是( ) (4分)
A、劳形 鸿孺 多髯 修狭 B、和睦 矜寡 案读 废疾
C、糁之 衡木 烽火 幽咽 D、清莲 石壕 逾墙 笞痕
3、下列加点字解释不完全正确的一组是( ) (4分)
A、及郡下：到 修狭：长而窄 俨然：整齐的样子 绝类弥勒：极
B、鲜美：鲜嫩 甚蕃：多 曾不盈寸：满 亲其亲：以……为亲
C、贻：赠 问津：路口 寻病终：寻找 鲜有闻：少
D、香远益清：更加 孤、独：老而无子的人 高可二黍许：大约 才通人：仅仅
4、下列句子中无通假字的一项是( ) (4分)
A、便要还家 B、亭亭净植 C、八分有几 D、诎右臂支船
5、下列文言文，诗句节奏划分不正确的是( )(4分)
A.太 守 / 即 遣 人 / 随其 往
B.山 / 不 在 高，有 仙 / 则 名
C.感 时 花 / 溅 泪，恨 别鸟 / 惊 心
D.吏 呼 / 一 何 怒，妇 啼 / 一 何 苦
6、下列文学常识搭配正确的一项是( ) (4分)
A、《桃花源记》--陶渊明--西晋 B、《核舟记》--魏学洢--明代
C、《陋室铭》--周敦颐--北宋 D、《大道之行也》--孔子--春秋
7、选出下列句子中“之”字的意义和用法与其他三项不同的一项( )(4分)
A. 水陆草木之花 B. 予独爱莲之出淤泥而不染
C. 花之君子者也 D. 君之病在肌肤
8、 下列不是对偶句的一项是( )(4分)
A. 谈笑有鸿儒，往来无白丁 B. 南阳诸葛亮，西蜀子云亭
C. 苔痕上阶绿，草色入帘青 D. 中通外直，不蔓不枝
9、下列加点词的古今意义相同的一项是( )(4分)
A、率妻子邑人来此绝境 B、阡陌交通，鸡犬相闻
C、寻向所志，遂迷 D、乃不知有汉，无论魏晋
二、非选择题
10、用现代汉语翻译下面的句子。(16分)
(1)乃不知有汉，无论魏晋。
(2)菊之爱，陶后鲜有闻。莲之爱，同予者何人?
(3)斯是陋室，惟吾德馨。
(4)故人不独亲其亲，不独子其子。
11、按要求默写课文(20分)
①《陋室铭》中描写陋室外环境的句子是： ， 。
②《春望》中反映诗人忧国思家的愁苦之心的诗句是： ， 。
③《爱莲说》中的“予独爱莲之 ， ”常被用来赞美人不幕名利、洁身自好的高风亮节。
④《望岳》诗中能见出诗人凌云壮志的一句是： ， 。
⑤暮投石壕村， 。老翁逾墙走， 。
三、比较阅读，完成文后各题。 (28分)
[甲]大道之行也，天下为公，选贤与能，讲信修睦。故人不独亲其亲，不独子其子，使老有所终，壮有所用，幼有所长，矜、寡、孤、独、废疾者皆有所养，男有分，女有归。货恶其弃于地也，不必藏于己;力恶其不出于身也，不必为己。是故谋闭而不兴，盗窃乱贼而不作，故外户而不闭，是谓大同。 (选自《礼记礼运》)
[乙]林尽水源，便得一山，山有小口，仿佛若有光。便舍船，从口入。初极狭，才通人。复行数十步，豁然开朗。土地平旷，屋舍俨然，有良田美池桑竹之属。阡陌交通，鸡犬相闻。其中往来种作，男女衣着，悉如外人。黄发垂髫，并怡然自乐。(选自《桃花源记》)
12、解释下列句中加点的.字。(8分)
(1)选贤与能
(2)男有分
(3)盗窃乱贼而不作
(4)有良田美池桑竹之属
13、大同社会的基本特征有哪三方面，请简要概括。(6分)
14、《桃花源记》中“黄发垂髫，并怡然自乐”，反映在大同社会中就是
;桃花源中的人热情好客，反映在大同社会中就是 。(用原文句子回答)(6分)
15、《大道之行也》为我们描绘了一幅“大同”社会的理想画卷。站在你的角度来想，你理想中的“大同”社会又应该是怎样的?(8分)
我理想中的“大同”社会是
参考答案：
1C 2.C 3.C 4.B 5.C 6.B 7.B8.D9C
15、一个人人过上幸福生活的社会。物质极大丰富，人人自食其力，尊老爱幼，风尚淳朴的人人平等的民主和谐的社会。
新课标八年级英语下册第八单元测试卷答案
单元测试是检验 八年级 学生所学英语第八单元知识的一次考试。下面是我为大家整编的新课标 八年级英语 下册第八单元测试卷，感谢欣赏。
新课标八年级英语下册第八单元测试卷试题
Written test part (共95分)
Ⅴ. 单项选择(每小题1分， 共15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
( )21. When I got to my apartment, I saw my son running _______ me happily.
A. around
B. with
C. toward
D. about
( )22. She hasn’t _______ decided if she will come or not. Let’s wait for her answer.
A. already
B. yet
C. ever
D. never
( )23. Yesterday my daughter came back from school a lot later than usual. Do you know _______ I was worried about her?
A. how often
B. how much
C. how far
D. how soon
( )24. Mom, I’ve found one shoe — do you know where _______ is?
A. another
B. others
C. the other
D. the others
( )25. After I read the report about Sun Yixin, a two-year-old girl in Xi’an, I couldn’t wait _______ her.
A. to help
B. help
C. helped
D. helping
( )26.—Are you interested in the ending of the movie?
—No, because she _______ me the story.
A. tells
B. will tell
C. has told
D. is telling
( )27. What a poor man! Look! He is wearing a jacket _______ holes.
A. full of
B. close to
C. made of
D. similar to
( )28. As a new member of the company, I’m glad to _______ myself to all of you.
A. introduce
B. develop
C. enjoy
D. dress
( )29. Linda, our math teacher is standing over there. Do you know when he _______?
A. comes
B. came
C. has come
D. will come
( )30. —Alan, I think you’ll never get that ball back.
—I agree. It’s lost _______.
A. suddenly
B. recently
C. forever
D. halfway
( )31. The house has _______ to my grandfather for twenty years, so he doesn’t want to take it down.
A. agreed
B. added
C. belonged
D. replied
( )32. The number of books in the bookcase _______ 600. A number of books in it _______ about English.
A. is; are
B. are; are
C. is; is
D. are; is
( )33. —Where’s my key? I can’t find it.
—That’s strange! I saw you _______ it to open the door just now.
A. use B. to use
C. will use D. are using
( )34.—Alex, the bus is coming, but I have to go back to change my coat.
—_______, or we’ll miss it.
A. Be quiet
B. Hurry up
C. Be careful
D. Get up
( )35.—Mary, you read the book Alice in Wonderland yesterday. ______?
—It’s wonderful. I want to read it again.
A. How do you know that
B. What does it look like
C. How do you return it
D. What is it like
Ⅵ. 完形填空(每小题1分，共10分)
先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
Have you ever seen groups of people, mostly the elderly (老人), dance in public (公共的) places? In our country, this kind of dance is known as “Guangchangwu”. 36 the elderly dance “Guangchangwu”? For a long time, people have had different opinions 37 it.
Some people say yes and they think it 38 the elderly to live a healthy lifestyle. It offers the elderly a good 39 to relax, keep healthy and make friends. They feel that it’s better for the elderly to go out to 40 with their neighbors, friends than to play cards or watch TV at home.
However, 41 people are against it. They complain (抱怨 ) that the elderly who dance “Guangchangwu” take up (占据) too much public space and make too much noise. You may have the following 42 : you want to sleep late on a weekend morning but find it 43 because the elderly are dancing out, making a lot of noise. Sometimes you want to have a rest or talk for a while with your friends in a park, but you can’t because of the 44 music from the dancing.
What do you 45 the elderly dancing “Guangchangwu”? You are welcome to share your opinion with us. Please write us by Friday.
( )36. A. Need B. Must
C. Would D. Should
( )37. A. for B. on
C. with D. to
( )38. A. helps B. takes
C. puts D. tells
( )39. A. way B. time
C. place D. feeling
( )40. A. travel B. walk
C. sing D. dance
( )41. A. all B. no
C. other D. few
( )42. A. experience B. idea
C. example D. plan
( )43. A. necessary B. impossible
C. important D. unfair
( )44. A. unlucky B. normal
C. loud D. personal
( )45. A. find out B. think of
C. agree with D. work out
Ⅶ. 情景交际(每小题1分，共5分)
根据对话内容，从方框中选择恰当的选项补全对话，其中有两项多余。
A: Jim, I am still thinking about Dreams of Alicia.
B: Oh, I only know a little about it! Did you see Dreams of Alicia?
A: Yes, I saw it last night. It was amazing! (46)______
B: So the movie was a book first?
A: Yes. (47)______
B: Oh, does it? Now I want to read the book, too.
(in the office)
C: Hey, Jim. What are you doing?
B: I’m reading Dreams of Alicia. It’s so interesting that I can’t put it down!
C: (48)______
B: The hero (英雄) meets Alicia. He is taking her to his castle (城堡).
C: (49)______
B: It’s more than 500 pages long. It’s more exciting than the movie. There is this part when ...
C: Wait! (50)______ I will read it after you have finished it.
B: OK. You’ll really like it.
C: I’m looking forward to it!
A. How long is the book?
B. How much is the book?
C. Don’t tell me anything!
D. What part are you reading?
E. But I like the book better.
F. What do you think of the book?
G. But the movie skips (略过) some parts of the book.
Ⅷ. 阅读理解(每小题2分，共20分)
A
Hey, I’ve started reading Heaven is for Real.
One day, one of my dear friends called me and said, “Lisa, you have to read it. There is one chapter (章) that was written just for us!”
So I’m reading it. It’s not easy. I don’t know about you, but for me, between working full-time and looking after two little kids, reading is a luxury (奢侈品).
Hey, you want to read it, too? So we could talk about it here?
Lisa
A friend recommended (推荐) this book to me months ago. I laughed, cried and finished it in a day! I couldn't wait to see what happened next. What's more, it helped to answer some questions I'd always been interested in. Now, the book is traveling in my town!
Sandy
I would like to read this book with you! Although my grandpa lent it to me a few weeks ago, I began to read it last night. Guess what? I couldn't put it down and had tears (眼泪) running down my face on every page! I'll read up to Chapter 2 tonight!
Summer
Lisa, I'm not one who likes to sit down and read. But my mom told me that I had to read this book, so I decided to give it a try. Once I started reading, I couldn't put it down. I finished it in three days. It's a wonderful story and it will fill you with love and hope.
Amber
I'm not a good reader and don't have much time to read with three kids at home. But it only took me a week to read it. It is easy to read and I couldn't put it down. I even talked about it with my 12-year-old daughter and now she has started to read it!
Mona
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
( )51. Why did Lisa’s friend call her?
A. To borrow a book from her.
B. To recommend a book to her.
C. To tell her about a new book she wrote.
D. To ask her to write a book for them both.
( )52. What does Summer think of the book?
A. It is helpful.
B. It is touching.
C. It is easy to read.
D. It is full of imagination.
( )53. Who recommended the book to Amber?
A. Her friend.
B. Her daughter.
C. Her mother.
D. Her grandpa.
( )54. Who finished reading the book in the shortest time?
A. Sandy.
B. Summer.
C. Amber.
D. Mona.
( )55. Which of the following is TRUE according to the material?
A. Summer likes Chapter 2 best.
B. Lisa is too busy to read the book.
C. The book is popular in Sandy’s town.
D. Mona and her daughter read the book together.
B
Can you become a pilot or a pianist? Perhaps. The most important thing is to find something that you love to do and makes you happy.
(56)_________ We all know people who are great at drawing or good at sports, don’t we? They are the lucky ones who have a natural talent for what they love to do. But that doesn’t mean you can’t find anything you’re good at. It’s just that you might have to look for it a little bit harder.
(57)_________ Developing a new talent takes time and lots of effort (努力), so don’t worry if you haven’t found out yours by the end of a day, a week or even a month. Finally you will get it.
(58)_________ The more interest you have in a hobby, the more you’ll want to keep doing it. And the more you keep doing it, the better you’ll become.
(59)_________ You shouldn’t say that you can’t write a book or take amazing photos if you’ve never really tried. Even the famous writer had to start somewhere (在某处). Make today your day to try something new.
(60)_________ Do you have an aunt who can help you start playing tennis? Is your grandma good at making cakes? Sometimes you don’t need to look further than your own families to see who can teach you something useful.
根据材料内容将方框中A—E五个 句子 填入文中空缺处，使短文内容完整、正确。
A. Be open to new ideas.
B. It won’t happen overnight (一夜之间).
C. Find out what excites you.
D. Ask someone to help you start.
E. Look for your hidden talent.
Ⅸ. 词汇运用(每小题1分，共10分)
A) 根据句意及所给汉语提示，写出句中所缺单词。
61. She was surprised by the book’s _________(成功).
62. At the party, most people were moved by the _________(美) of her singing.
63. We never traveled _________(到国外) when we were kids.
64. Hundreds of football _________(迷) are watching the football game now.
65. I feel a little bored and let’s play some _________(唱片).
B) 根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
66. Lots of children are playing in a house full of ________(laugh).
67. Joe, please wash your coat. There are dirty ________(mark) on it.
68. We are planning to go by ________(ship) over to America.
69. Please help me buy some garden ________(tool). I’ll start gardening.
70. The company bought some of his ________(land) last year.
Ⅹ. 完成句子(每小题2分，共10分)
根据括号内的要求完成下列各题，每空一词(含缩略形式)。
71. Have you decided which house to buy? (补全肯定答语)
________, I ________.
72. Would you like something to eat now? (作否定回答)
________, ________.
73. Mary has already written ten articles for the newspaper. (改为一般疑问句)
________ Mary written ten articles for the newspaper ________?
74. Sally has done her history homework. (改为否定句)
Sally ________ ________ her history homework.
75. They have helped the old man clean his room. (对划线部分提问)
________ have they ________?
Ⅺ. 综合填空(每小题1分，共10分)
阅读短文，从方框中选择恰当的词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每词限用一次，其中有两个词是多余的。
but, find, interest, cause, teach, realize, invite, happy, situation, dangerous, new, they
I’m not good at dancing. I usually try to keep away from (76)________ where I would be expected to dance. However, recently a teacher (77)________ me to a dancing party.
I am working in Brittany, France. People here have (78)________ own language called Breton. I went to the party because I was (79)________ in songs in Breton. The music was excellent and people did a special dance for each song. They were very happy. Then I (80)________ that I should stop being nervous and dance with them together. The teacher who invited me (81)________ me how to do a special dance — everybody joined hands and danced in a circle (圆圈). I (82)________ the steps were quite difficult, (83)________ it was really fun.
My favorite part of the party was seeing everyone, young and old, join hands and dance together (84)________. I was very excited to dance with them. More importantly, I learnt that it is a good idea to try something (85)________, even if you are scared of it. By saying yes, you could experience something really special.
Ⅻ. 书面表达(15分)
在本周英语角的活动中，你们围绕“学生该不该边写作业边听音乐”这个话题进行了激烈的讨论。请你将讨论结果整理后写一篇短文发表在你校英语网站上。不少于90词，开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Should students do their homework while listening to music?
新课标八年级英语下册第八单元测试卷参考答案
Ⅴ. 21-25 CBBCA 26-30 CAABC 31-35 CAABD
Ⅵ. 36-40 DBAAD 41-45 CABCB
Ⅶ. 46-50 EGDAC
Ⅷ. 51-55 BBCAC 56-60 EBCAD
Ⅸ. 61. success 62. beauty 63. abroad 64. fans
65. records 66. laughter 67. marks 68. ship
69. tools 70. land
Ⅹ. 71. Yes; have 72. No; thanks 73. Has; yet
74. hasn’t done 75. What; done
Ⅺ. 76. situations 77. invited 78. their
79. interested 80. realized 81. taught
82. found 83. but 84. happily 85. new
Ⅻ. One possible version:
Should students do their homework while listening to music? Some students think so. They think that doing homework while listening to music is a good way to stop them from hearing other noises, like the noises of cars in the street. What’s more, music can make their study environment more relaxing. But some students disagree. They think if they listen to music, they will make more mistakes in their homework. Also, doing homework while listening to music always makes them work slower. It’s a waste of time.
As the old saying goes, every coin has two sides. If you put your heart into your homework, it doesn’t matter.
新课标八年级英语下册第八单元测试卷答案相关 文章 ：
1. 八年级英语上册第八单元练习附答案
2. 八年级英语测试报答案
3. 八年级英语上册Unit8单元检测题
4. 八年级英语下册期末试卷及答案
5. 八年级英语上Module8检测题答案
BFB数学八年级上周周清测试卷答案
当地震发生时，如果我们正在教室上课应该怎样避震？（10分）
答：如果你在教室里，要在教师指挥下迅速抱头、闭眼、蹲到各自的课桌下。地震一停，迅速有秩序撤离，撤离时千万不要拥挤。
二、 当地震发生时，如果我们在家里应该选择什么位置避震最好？（10分）
答：如果你在室内，应就近躲到坚实的家具下，如写字台、结实的床、农村土炕的炕沿下，也可躲到墙角或管道多、整体性好的小跨度卫生间和厨房等处。注意不要躲到外墙窗下、电梯间，更不要跳楼，这些都是十分危险的。
三、 面对火灾时我们该如何逃生自救？（10分）
答：火灾袭来时要迅速逃生，不要贪恋财物。受到火势威胁时，要当机立断披上浸湿的衣物、被褥等向安全出口方向冲出去。穿过浓烟逃生时，要尽量使身体贴近地面，并用湿毛巾捂住口鼻。身上着火，千万不要奔跑，可就地打滚或用厚重衣物压灭火苗。遇火灾不可乘坐电梯，要向安全出口方向逃生。室外着火，门已发烫时，千万不要开门，以防大火窜入室内。要用浸湿的被褥、衣物等堵塞门窗，并泼水降温。若所有逃生线路被大火封锁，要立即退回室内，用打手电筒、挥舞衣物、呼叫等方式向窗外发送求救信号，等待救援。千万不要盲目跳楼，可利用疏散楼梯，阳台、排水管等逃生，或把床单、被套撕成条状连成绳索，紧拴在窗框、铁栏杆等固定物上，顺绳滑下，或下到未着火的楼层脱离险境。
四、 在道路上行走时应注意什么？（10分）
答： 1.走路要走人行道，没有人行道的，须靠路边行走。2.横过马路要走人行横道，过街天桥或地下通道。3.遵守交通信号，红灯停，绿灯行。4.不钻（跨）越交通隔离设施。5.不在汽车临近时或车辆前后横穿马路，不在在道路上扒车、追车、强行拦车或抛物击车。6.不在马路上追逐猛跑、嬉戏、打闹、游戏，不要边走路边看书。7.夜间步行要尽量选择穿戴浅颜色的衣帽和在有路灯的地方横过马路。
五、中小学生游泳四不要。（10分）
答：1、 没有家长带领，小孩子不能偷偷地结伴去游泳；2、 不能去不知水情、地方很偏僻的小河、池塘里游泳。3、 为预防抽筋，要做好下水前的准备，先活动活动身体，用水淋湿身体的各个部分，不能马上下水； 4、 对自己的水性要有自知之明，下水后不能嬉戏玩闹，在没有大人及安全措施的情况下不能逞能比赛。（10分）
六、未成年人发现有人溺水，应该选择哪种方法救人？（10分）
答：未成年人发现有人溺水，尽量不要下水营救，应大声呼救请成人过来营救，第二要用救生器材或当时可以利用的竹竿、木板、绳索等物件营救。第三就是溺水者不要慌乱，尽量让嘴和鼻子露出水面保持呼吸等待救援。 家长安全知识问卷：
一、 如果家用电器着火是否可用水灭火？我们应该教孩子怎么办？（10分）
答：家用电器着火不能用水灭火。扑灭家用电器发生的火灾方法是：首先立刻切断电源，拉闸要带上绝缘手套，人要离远些，避免切断电源时的电弧喷射烧伤脸部。用电工钳或干燥木柄斧子切断电源时，应将电源的相线、地线一根一根的分别切断，否则会引起短路，造成更大的灾难。扑救火灾时，要关闭门窗，防止风吹助燃。要立即用干燥的棉被、棉衣盖住火苗。切不可用水和灭火器喷淋电器设备的方法扑救，因为高温电器突然遇水冷却会爆炸伤人。火扑灭后，必须及时打开门窗通气。
二、 我们该如何教孩子辨别天然气是否泄漏？如果家中出现天然气泄漏让孩子应该怎么办？（10分）
答：1.检查燃气管道和炉具，用抹布沾上肥皂水沿管道涂抹一遍，重点是各个接口，如燃气泄露会出现气泡，平时在煮饭时如有燃气泄露会有一股很浓的味道。 2. 燃气泄露处置办法：在没有明火的情况下，现场千万不要打或接电话，用毛巾沾水捂住鼻子和嘴，马上打开窗通风，如现场允许尽快关掉阀门和电源，如有明火：关掉电源和厨房门，直接拨打119救援。
三、 如果父母不在家，有陌生人敲门您的孩子会怎么办？孩子的做法对吗？（10分）
答：略。
四、 家长应该如何教育孩子安全横过马路？（10分）
答： 教育孩子应文明过马路：1.站队过马路；2.要走人行横道；3.要走地下通道；4.不要在道路上嬉戏打闹；5.不要跨越护栏；6.不要追、扒、拦车。
八年级下册数学测试卷及答案解析
很多学生到了 八年级 数学成绩开始下降,其实很大一部分原因是没有掌握好课本的基础知识。下面是我整理的八年级下册数学测试卷及答案解析，欢迎阅读分享，希望对大家有所帮助。
八年级下册数学测试卷及答案
一、选择题：
1.下列各式从左到右，是因式分解的是()
A.(y﹣1)(y+1)=y2﹣1B.x2y+xy2﹣1=xy(x+y)﹣1
C.(x﹣2)(x﹣3)=(3﹣x)(2﹣x)D.x2﹣4x+4=(x﹣2)2
【考点】因式分解的意义.
【分析】根据因式分解就是把一个多项式变形成几个整式的积的形式的定义，利用排除法求解.
【解答】解：A、是多项式乘法，不是因式分解，故本选项错误;
B、结果不是积的形式，故本选项错误;
C、不是对多项式变形，故本选项错误;
D、运用完全平方公式分解x2﹣4x+4=(x﹣2)2，正确.
故选D.
【点评】这类问题的关键在于能否正确应用分解因式的定义来判断.
2.下列四个图形中，既是轴对称图形又是中心对称图形的是()
A.B.C.D.
【考点】中心对称图形;轴对称图形.
【分析】根据轴对称图形与中心对称图形的概念求解.
【解答】解：A、不是轴对称图形，是中心对称图形;
B、是轴对称图形，也是中心对称图形;
C、是轴对称图形，不是中心对称图形;
D、是轴对称图形，不是中心对称图形.
故选B.
【点评】本题考查了中心对称图形与轴对称图形的概念.轴对称图形的关键是寻找对称轴，图形两部分折叠后可重合;中心对称图形是要寻找对称中心，旋转180度后两部分重合.
3.下列多项式中不能用平方差公式分解的是()
A.a2﹣b2B.﹣x2﹣y2C.49x2﹣y2z2D.16m4n2﹣25p2
【考点】因式分解﹣运用公式法.
【分析】能用平方差公式分解的式子的特点是：两项都是平方项，符号相反.
【解答】解：A、符合平方差公式的特点;
B、两平方项的符号相同，不符和平方差公式结构特点;
C、符合平方差公式的特点;
D、符合平方差公式的特点.
故选B.
【点评】本题考查能用平方差公式分解的式子的特点，两平方项的符号相反是运用平方差公式的前提.
4.函数y=kx+b(k、b为常数，k≠0)的图象如图，则关于x的不等式kx+b0的解集为()
A.x0B.x0C.x2D.x2
【考点】一次函数与一元一次不等式.
【分析】从图象上得到函数的增减性及与x轴的交点的横坐标，即能求得不等式kx+b0的解集.
【解答】解：函数y=kx+b的图象经过点(2，0)，并且函数值y随x的增大而减小，
所以当x2时，函数值小于0，即关于x的不等式kx+b0的解集是x2.
故选C.
【点评】本题考查了一次函数与不等式(组)的关系及数形结合思想的应用，注意几个关键点(交点、原点等)，做到数形结合.
5.使分式有意义的x的值为()
A.x≠1B.x≠2C.x≠1且x≠2D.x≠1或x≠2
【考点】分式有意义的条件.
【分析】根据分式有意义，分母不等于0列不等式求解即可.
【解答】解：由题意得，(x﹣1)(x﹣2)≠0，
解得x≠1且x≠2.
故选C.
【点评】本题考查了分式有意义的条件，从以下三个方面透彻理解分式的概念：(1)分式无意义?分母为零;(2)分式有意义?分母不为零;(3)分式值为零?分子为零且分母不为零.
6.下列是最简分式的是()
A.B.C.D.
【考点】最简分式.
【分析】先将选项中能化简的式子进行化简，不能化简的即为最简分式，本题得以解决.
【解答】解：，无法化简，，，
故选B.
【点评】本题考查最简分式，解题的关键是明确最简分式的定义.
7.如图所示的正方形网格中，网格线的交点称为格点.已知A、B是两格点，如果C也是图中的格点，且使得△ABC为等腰三角形，则点C的个数是()
A.6B.7C.8D.9
【考点】等腰三角形的判定.
【专题】分类讨论.
【分析】根据题意，结合图形，分两种情况讨论：①AB为等腰△ABC底边;②AB为等腰△ABC其中的一条腰.
【解答】解：如上图：分情况讨论.
①AB为等腰△ABC底边时，符合条件的C点有4个;
②AB为等腰△ABC其中的一条腰时，符合条件的C点有4个.
故选：C.
【点评】本题考查了等腰三角形的判定;解答本题关键是根据题意，画出符合实际条件的图形，再利用数学知识来求解.数形结合的思想是数学解题中很重要的解题思想.
8.若不等式组的解集是x2，则a的取值范围是()
A.a2B.a≤2C.a≥2D.无法确定
【考点】解一元一次不等式组.
【专题】计算题.
【分析】解出不等式组的解集，与已知解集x2比较，可以求出a的取值范围.
【解答】解：由(1)得：x2
由(2)得：xa p=""
因为不等式组的解集是x2
∴a≥2
故选：C.
【点评】本题是已知不等式组的解集，求不等式中另一未知数的问题.可以先将另一未知数当作已知处理，求出解集与已知解集比较，进而求得零一个未知数.
9.下列式子：(1);(2);(3);(4)，其中正确的有()
A.1个B.2个C.3个D.4个
【考点】分式的基本性质.
【分析】根据分式的基本性质作答.
【解答】解：(1)，错误;
(2)，正确;
(3)∵b与a的大小关系不确定，∴的值不确定，错误;
(4)，正确.
故选B.
【点评】在分式中，无论进行何种运算，如果要不改变分式的值，则所做变化必须遵循分式基本性质的要求.
10.某煤矿原计划x天生存120t煤，由于采用新的技术，每天增加生存3t，因此提前2天完成，列出的方程为()
A.==﹣3B.﹣3
C.﹣3D.=﹣3
【考点】由实际问题抽象出分式方程.
【分析】设原计划x天生存120t煤，则实际(x﹣2)天生存120t煤，等量关系为：原计划工作效率=实际工作效率﹣3，依此可列出方程.
【解答】解：设原计划x天生存120t煤，则实际(x﹣2)天生存120t煤，
根据题意得，=﹣3.
故选D.
【点评】本题考查由实际问题抽象出分式方程，关键设出天数，以工作效率作为等量关系列方程.
二、填空题：
11.分解因式x2(x﹣y)+(y﹣x)=(x﹣y)(x+1)(x﹣1).
【考点】提公因式法与公式法的综合运用.
【分析】把(x﹣y)看作一个整体并提取，然后再利用平方差公式继续分解因式即可.
【解答】解：x2(x﹣y)+(y﹣x)
=x2(x﹣y)﹣(x﹣y)
=(x﹣y)(x2﹣1)
=(x﹣y)(x+1)(x﹣1).
故答案为：(x﹣y)(x+1)(x﹣1).
【点评】本题考查了用提公因式法和公式法进行因式分解，一个多项式有公因式首先提取公因式，然后再用其他 方法 进行因式分解，同时因式分解要彻底，直到不能分解为止.
12.当x=﹣2时，分式无意义.若分式的值为0，则a=﹣2.
【考点】分式的值为零的条件;分式有意义的条件.
【分析】根据分母为零，分式无意义;分母不为零，分式有意义，分子为零分母不为零分式的值为零，可得答案.
【解答】解：∵分式无意义，
∴x+2=0，
解得x=﹣2.
∵分式的值为0，
∴，
解得a=﹣2.
故答案为：=﹣2，﹣2.
【点评】本题考查了分式有意义的条件，从以下三个方面透彻理解分式的概念：分式无意义?分母为零;分式有意义?分母不为零;分式值为零?分子为零且分母不为零.
13.如图，在△ABC中，BC边上的垂直平分线DE交边BC于点D，交边AB于点E.若△EDC的周长为24，△ABC与四边形AEDC的周长之差为12，则线段DE的长为6.
【考点】线段垂直平分线的性质.
【专题】计算题;压轴题.
【分析】运用线段垂直平分线定理可得BE=CE，再根据已知条件“△EDC的周长为24，△ABC与四边形AEDC的周长之差为12”表示出线段之间的数量关系，联立关系式后求解.
【解答】解：∵DE是BC边上的垂直平分线，
∴BE=CE.
∵△EDC的周长为24，
∴ED+DC+EC=24，①
∵△ABC与四边形AEDC的周长之差为12，
∴(AB+AC+BC)﹣(AE+ED+DC+AC)=(AB+AC+BC)﹣(AE+DC+AC)﹣DE=12，
∴BE+BD﹣DE=12，②
∵BE=CE，BD=DC，
∴①﹣②得，DE=6.
故答案为：6.
【点评】此题主要考查线段的垂直平分线的性质等几何知识.线段的垂直平分线上的点到线段的两个端点的距离相等.
14.若4a4﹣ka2b+25b2是一个完全平方式，则k=±20.
【考点】完全平方式.
【分析】根据4a4﹣ka2b+25b2是一个完全平方式，利用此式首末两项是2a2和5b这两个数的平方，那么中间一项为加上或减去2a2和5b积的2倍，进而求出k的值即可.
【解答】解：∵4a4﹣ka2b+25b2是一个完全平方式，
∴4a4﹣ka2b+25b2=(2a2±5b)2，
=4a4±20a2b+25b2.
∴k=±20，
故答案为：±20.
【点评】此题主要考查的是完全平方公式的应用;两数的平方和，再加上或减去它们积的2倍，就构成了一个完全平方式.注意积的2倍的符号，避免漏解.
15.如图，在△ABC中，∠C=90°，AC=BC，斜边AB=2，O是AB的中点，以O为圆心，线段OC的长为半径画圆心角为90°的扇形OEF，弧EF经过点C，则图中阴影部分的面积为﹣.
【考点】扇形面积的计算.
【分析】连接OC，作OM⊥BC，ON⊥AC，证明△OMG≌△ONH，则S四边形OGCH=S四边形OMCN，求得扇形FOE的面积，则阴影部分的面积即可求得.
【解答】解：连接OC，作OM⊥BC，ON⊥AC.
∵CA=CB，∠ACB=90°，点O为AB的中点，
∴OC=AB=1，四边形OMCN是正方形，OM=.
则扇形FOE的面积是：=.
∵OA=OB，∠AOB=90°，点D为AB的中点，
∴OC平分∠BCA，
又∵OM⊥BC，ON⊥AC，
∴OM=ON，
∵∠GOH=∠MON=90°，
∴∠GOM=∠HON，
则在△OMG和△ONH中，
，
∴△OMG≌△ONH(AAS)，
∴S四边形OGCH=S四边形OMCN=()2=.
则阴影部分的面积是：﹣.
故答案为：﹣.
【点评】本题考查了三角形的全等的判定与扇形的面积的计算的综合题，正确证明△OMG≌△ONH，得到S四边形OGCH=S四边形OMCN是解题的关键.
三、解答题
16.(21分)(2016春?成都校级期中)(1)因式分解：2x2y﹣4xy2+2y3;
(2)解方程：=+;
(3)先化简，再求值(﹣x+1)÷，其中;
(4)解不等式组，把解集在数轴上表示出来，且求出其整数解.
【考点】分式的化简求值;提公因式法与公式法的综合运用;解分式方程;在数轴上表示不等式的解集;解一元一次不等式组;一元一次不等式组的整数解.
【分析】(1)先提公因式，然后根据完全平方公式解答;
(2)去分母后将原方程转化为整式方程解答.
(3)将括号内统分，然后进行因式分解，化简即可;
(4)分别求出不等式的解集，找到公共部分，在数轴上表示即可.
【解答】解：(1)原式=2y(x2﹣2xy+y2)
=2y(x﹣y)2;
(2)去分母，得(x﹣2)2=(x+2)2+16
去括号，得x2﹣4x+4=x2+4x+4+16
移项合并同类项，得﹣8x=16
系数化为1，得x=﹣2，
当x=﹣2时，x+2=0，则x=﹣2是方程的增根.
故方程无解;
(3)原式=[﹣]?
=?
=?
=﹣，
当时，原式=﹣=﹣=﹣;
(4)
由①得x2，
由②得x≥﹣1，
不等式组的解集为﹣1≤x2，
在数轴上表示为
.
【点评】本题考查的是分式的化简求值、因式分解、解一元一次不等式组、在数轴上表示不等式组的解集，考查内容较多，要细心解答.
17.在如图所示的直角坐标系中，每个小方格都是边长为1的正方形，△ABC的顶点均在格点上，点A的坐标是(﹣3，﹣1).
(1)将△ABC沿y轴正方向平移3个单位得到△A1B1C1，画出△A1B1C1，并写出点B1坐标;
(2)画出△A1B1C1以点O为旋转中心、顺时针方向旋转90度的△A2B2C2，并求出点C1经过的路径的长度.
【考点】作图﹣旋转变换;作图﹣平移变换.
【分析】(1)分别作出点A、B、C沿y轴正方向平移3个单位得到对应点，顺次连接即可得;
(2)分别作出点A、B、C以点O为旋转中心、顺时针方向旋转90度得到对应点，顺次连接即可得，再根据弧长公式计算即可.
【解答】解：(1)如图，△A1B1C1即为所求作三角形，点B1坐标为(﹣2，﹣1);
(2)如图，△A2B2C2即为所求作三角形，
∵OC==，
∴==π.
【点评】本题考查了平移作图、旋转作图，解答本题的关键是熟练平移的性质和旋转的性质及弧长公式.
18.小明和同学一起去书店买书，他们先用15元买了一种科普书，又用15元买了一种文学书，科普书的价格比文学书的价格高出一半，因此他们买的文学书比科普书多一本，这种科普和文学书的价格各是多少?
【考点】分式方程的应用.
【专题】应用题.
【分析】根据题意，设科普和文学书的价格分别为x和y元，则根据“科普书的价格比文学书的价格高出一半，买的文学书比科普书多一本“列方程组即可求解.
【解答】解：设科普和文学书的价格分别为x和y元，
则有：，
解得：x=7.5，y=5，
即这种科普和文学书的价格各是7.5元和5元.
【点评】本题考查分式方程的应用，同时考查学生理解题意的能力，关键是根据“科普书的价格比文学书的价格高出一半，买的文学书比科普书多一本“列出方程组.
19.已知关于x的方程=3的解是正数，求m的取值范围.
【考点】解分式方程;解一元一次不等式.
【专题】计算题.
【分析】先解关于x的分式方程，求得x的值，然后再依据“解是正数”建立不等式求m的取值范围.
【解答】解：原方程整理得：2x+m=3x﹣6，
解得：x=m+6.
因为x0，所以m+60，即m﹣6.①
又因为原式是分式方程，所以x≠2，即m+6≠2，所以m≠﹣4.②
由①②可得，m的取值范围为m﹣6且m≠﹣4.
【点评】本题主要考查了分式方程的解法及其增根产生的原因.解答本题时，易漏掉m≠4，这是因为忽略了x﹣2≠0这个隐含的条件而造成的，这应引起同学们的足够重视.
20.(12分)(2016?河南模拟)问题：如图(1)，点E、F分别在正方形ABCD的边BC、CD上，∠EAF=45°，试判断BE、EF、FD之间的数量关系.
【发现证明】小聪把△ABE绕点A逆时针旋转90°至△ADG，从而发现EF=BE+FD，请你利用图(1)证明上述结论.
【类比引申】如图(2)，四边形ABCD中，∠BAD≠90°，AB=AD，∠B+∠D=180°，点E、F分别在边BC、CD上，则当∠EAF与∠BAD满足∠BAD=2∠EAF关系时，仍有EF=BE+FD.
【探究应用】如图(3)，在某公园的同一水平面上，四条通道围成四边形ABCD.已知AB=AD=80米，∠B=60°，∠ADC=120°，∠BAD=150°，道路BC、CD上分别有景点E、F，且AE⊥AD，DF=40(﹣1)米，现要在E、F之间修一条笔直道路，求这条道路EF的长(结果取整数，参考数据：=1.41，=1.73)
【考点】四边形综合题.
【分析】【发现证明】根据旋转的性质可以得到△ADG≌△ABE，则GF=BE+DF，只要再证明△AFG≌△AFE即可.
【类比引申】延长CB至M，使BM=DF，连接AM，证△ADF≌△ABM，证△FAE≌△MAE，即可得出答案;
【探究应用】利用等边三角形的判定与性质得到△ABE是等边三角形，则BE=AB=80米.把△ABE绕点A逆时针旋转150°至△ADG，只要再证明∠BAD=2∠EAF即可得出EF=BE+FD.
【解答】【发现证明】证明：如图(1)，∵△ADG≌△ABE，
∴AG=AE，∠DAG=∠BAE，DG=BE，
又∵∠EAF=45°，即∠DAF+∠BEA=∠EAF=45°，
∴∠GAF=∠FAE，
在△GAF和△FAE中，
，
∴△AFG≌△AFE(SAS)，
∴GF=EF，
又∵DG=BE，
∴GF=BE+DF，
∴BE+DF=EF;
【类比引申】∠BAD=2∠EAF.
理由如下：如图(2)，延长CB至M，使BM=DF，连接AM，
∵∠ABC+∠D=180°，∠ABC+∠ABM=180°，
∴∠D=∠ABM，
在△ABM和△ADF中，
，
∴△ABM≌△ADF(SAS)，
∴AF=AM，∠DAF=∠BAM，
∵∠BAD=2∠EAF，
∴∠DAF+∠BAE=∠EAF，
∴∠EAB+∠BAM=∠EAM=∠EAF，
在△FAE和△MAE中，
，
∴△FAE≌△MAE(SAS)，
∴EF=EM=BE+BM=BE+DF，
即EF=BE+DF.
故答案是：∠BAD=2∠EAF.
【探究应用】如图3，把△ABE绕点A逆时针旋转150°至△ADG，连接AF，过A作AH⊥GD，垂足为H.
∵∠BAD=150°，∠DAE=90°，
∴∠BAE=60°.
又∵∠B=60°，
∴△ABE是等边三角形，
∴BE=AB=80米.
根据旋转的性质得到：∠ADG=∠B=60°，
又∵∠ADF=120°，
∴∠GDF=180°，即点G在CD的延长线上.
易得，△ADG≌△ABE，
∴AG=AE，∠DAG=∠BAE，DG=BE，
又∵AH=80×=40，HF=HD+DF=40+40(﹣1)=40
故∠HAF=45°，
∴∠DAF=∠HAF﹣∠HAD=45°﹣30°=15°
从而∠EAF=∠EAD﹣∠DAF=90°﹣15°=75°
又∵∠BAD=150°=2×75°=2∠EAF
∴根据上述推论有：EF=BE+DF=80+40(﹣1)≈109(米)，即这条道路EF的长约为109米.
【点评】此题主要考查了四边形综合题，关键是正确画出图形，证明∠BAD=2∠EAF.此题是一道综合题，难度较大，题目所给例题的思路，为解决此题做了较好的铺垫.
八年级数学怎么快速提高
一、做好数学 课前预习 工作
很多学生在数学课前预习的习惯，这样会造成课上学的不太懂、课后翻书找不到的这样的情况。要有针对性的 数学 学习方法 。根据自己的情况 总结 不足，有针对性的调整学习方法。总之，只要有了认真的 学习态度 ，有了学习的决心，再加上正确务实的数学学习方法，快速提高数学成绩不是问题。
二、学会记笔记
记笔记可能很多家长觉得不难，而且学生是有记笔记的，那么为什么数学成绩还是不好呢?要注重思考和归纳总结。老师讲过的题目不能仅仅是听懂，还要会;另外对于上课没听懂的数学题一定要记在数学笔记上。
1、课前预习不会的要记在数学笔记上，课上可以与老师交流;
2、上课时，记下老师讲的重点，也可把模糊的数学知识点记住。
3、课后笔记则是对课上不理解的知识点进行整理，并且先根据自己的笔记去尝试是否能解开不懂的地方，若不能则需要及时的询问老师，养成不懂就问的好习惯。
三、能找出错误的数学点
学生们在提高数学成绩时，会找出学生作业或考试中的错误点，让自己能清楚知道自己哪里做错了，并且能够改正自己的错误。
初二数学学习技巧
技巧1：要熟记数学题型
初二数学大大小小有几十个知识点，每个知识点都有对应的题目。相关的题目无非就是这个知识点的灵活运用，掌握了题型就可以做到举一反三。与其做十道题，还不如熟练掌握一道题，如果你对数学不那么感兴趣，背题可以使你免受练习之苦，还能更有效率的增强考试成绩。只要记下足够的题型，就可以使你的分数上一个层次。
技巧2：注重课本知识要点
要吃透课本，课本上重要的定义，以及想数学公式的由来和演变、知识点的应用。这是较起码的要求，为下一步做题“回归课本”打好基础。基础差先记数学的知识点。手边常备一本小手册，用零碎时间看一看，只有大脑记住那个知识点，遇到有关这个知识点的题才能解决。所以基础差的同学还是要下点功夫。只要坚持，有耐心，努力的话，两个月时间之内数学成绩会有大幅度增强的。
技巧3：对错题进行纠错整理
如果你的数学成绩不是太差，也就是说考试能及格的可以把注意力放在背题上，但遇到想不出来的知识点，还是要巩固一下。对于经常出错的题目，可以整理成一个纠错本，对错误的点，错误原因标注清楚。同时提醒自己以后遇到这种类型的题目应该注意什么细节，进步其实就是减小自己犯错的概率，把该拿的分数要拿下来。
初二数学注意事项
1、按部就班。初二数学是环环相扣的一门学科，哪一个环节脱节都会影响整个学习的进程。所以，平时学习不应贪快，要一章一章过关，不要轻易留下自己不明白或者理解不深刻的问题。
2、强调理解。概念、定理、公式要在理解的基础上记忆。我的 经验 是，每新学一个定理，便尝试先不看答案，做一次例题，看是否能正确运用新定理;若不行，则对照答案，加深对定理的理解。
3、基本训练。学习初二数学是不能缺少训练的，平时多做一些难度适中的练习，当然莫要陷入死钻难题的误区，要熟悉常考的题型，训练要做到有的放矢。
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